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the chosen

  • 1 ἐκλεκτός

    ἐκλεκτός, ή, όν (ἐκ + λέγω; since Pla., Leg. 12, 946d+).
    ① pert. to being selected, chosen gener. of those whom God has chosen fr. the generality of mankind and drawn to himself Mt 20:16 v.l.; 22:14 (B 4:14; KStendahl, The Called and the Chosen: The Root of the Vine, ed. AFridrichsen ’53, 63–80). Hence of Christians in particular (as in the OT of the Israelites 1 Ch 16:13; Ps 88:4; 104:6, 43; Is 65:9, 15, 23 al.—PAltmann, Erwählungstheol. u. Universalismus im AT, Beih. 92, ZAW, ’64) chosen 24:22, 24, 31; Mk 13:20, 22, 27; 1 Pt 1:1; 2 Ti 2:10; 1 Cl 6:1; 58:2; Hv 2, 4, 2. ἐ. τοῦ θεοῦ (cp. En 1:8) Lk 18:7 (cp. 1QS 8:6; 1QH 2:13); Ro 8:33 (cp. the Qumran passages just cited); 16:13 (s. 3 below); Col 3:12; Tit 1:1; 1 Cl 1:1; 2:4; 46:3f, 8; 49:5; 59:2; 2 Cl 14:5; Hv 1, 3, 4; 2, 1, 3; 2, 2, 5; 2, 4, 2; 3, 5, 1; 3, 8, 3; 3, 9, 10; 4, 2, 5; 4, 3, 5; EpilMosq 5. W. κλητοί ApcPt Rainer 2 and 5. W. κλητοί and πιστοί (SibOr 3, 69 w. πιστοί) Rv 17:14. γένος ἐκλεκτόν 1 Pt 2:9 (Is 43:20; TestJob 1:5). Of a Christian assembly or congregation 2J 1, 13 (w. personification of the assembly); ITr ins. Opp. ἄπιστοι MPol 16:1; ἅγιοι ἐ. 22:1.
    ② pert. to being esp. distinguished, elect
    ⓐ gener. of angels 1 Ti 5:21 (after En 39:1).
    ⓑ of the Messiah ὁ ἐ. τοῦ θεοῦ (cp. En 39:6f; 40:5; 45:3–5; 49:2–4 al.) Lk 23:35 (cp. 9:35); J 1:34 v.l. (AvHarnack, SBBerlAk 1915, 552–56=Studien I ’31, 127–32; GDelling, Jüd. Lehre u. Frömmigkeit in den ParJer, Berlin ’67, 18f).
    ⓒ of David 1 Cl 52:2 (Ps 88:20; cp. Sir 47:22).
    ③ pert. to being considered best in the course of a selection, choice, excellent (PRein 43, 9; BGU 603, 18 and 38; Ps 17:27; Sir 24:15; Bar 3:30; Wsd 3:14) ἀνὴρ ἐ. (EpArist 13; SibOr 3, 521) IPhld 11:1. Perh. Ro 16:13 ὁ ἐ. ἐν κυρίῳ the outstanding Christian. In imagery of a picked or elite stone (cp. Strabo 1, 3, 18 after Ibycus [Fgm. 21 Diehl] λίθος, ὸ̔ν καλεῖ ἐκλεκτόν = λόγαιον ‘picked’; En 8:1) 1 Pt 2:4, 6; B 6:2 (both Is 28:16); here a connection w. sense 2 is readily perceived.—DELG s.v. λέγω. M-M. EDNT. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐκλεκτός

  • 2 περιούσιος

    περιούσιος, ον (περί + εἰμί, περίειμι ‘to be over and above’) pert. to being of very special status, chosen, especial (PGen 11, 17 the married man is called ὁ περιούσιος ‘the chosen one’. Herm. Wr. 1, 19: Rtzst., Poim. 334; LXX) λαὸς π., a transl. of עַם סְגֻלָּה Ex 19:5; 23:22 (here only in the LXX); Dt 7:6; 14:2 (λ. π. ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἐθνῶν or παρὰ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη); 26:18; following these, Tit 2:14; 1 Cl 64 a chosen people (B-D-F §113, 1; Mlt-H. 322; Lghtf., On a Fresh Revision of the Engl. NT 1891, 260ff).—DELG s.v. εἰμί. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > περιούσιος

  • 3 ἐκλεκτός

    -ή,-όν + A 11-20-31-24-13=99 Gn 23,6; 41,2.4.5.7
    picked out, select Jgs 20,34; choice, pure Ex 30,23; chosen (of God), elect Is 43,20
    *2 Sm 8,8 ἐκλεκτῶν the chosen-בחרי for MT ברתי Berotai; *Jer 10,17 ἐν ἐκλεκτοῖς in choice- במבחר for MT במצור under siege; *Ez 19,14 ἐκλεκτῶν αὐτῆς its pure, its select-בריה for MT בדיה its branches, cpr. Ez 19,12; *Am 5,11 ἐκλεκτά pure, select -ברII for MT ברIII ? (cleansed) grain, wheat;
    *Prv 17,3 ἐκλεκταί choice-⋄בחר for MT ⋄בחן (the Lord) probes, see also Is 28,16
    → NIDNTT; TWNT

    Lust (λαγνεία) > ἐκλεκτός

  • 4 κυρία

    κυρία, ας, ἡ (fem. form of the subst. adj. κύριος [q.v. I]. Rare and late as a proper name: Preisigke, Namenbuch 188; HBeyer-HLietzmann, D. jüd. Katakombe der Villa Torlonia ’31, ins 41)
    ① a woman of special status, lady, mistress ἡ κ. τοῦ ἔργου the housekeeper prob. the one in charge of the household work assignments (cp. Tob. 2:12, w. ref. to ‘employers’) GJs 2:2. Used in addressing a definite person (Plut., Mor. 271d; Epict., Ench. 40; Cass. Dio 48, 44; POxy 112, 1; 3; 7; 744, 2=Ltzm., Griech. Papyri2 1910, 7; letter in Dssm., LO 160 [LAE2 193, n. 6]; κ. μου μήτηρ TestAbr A 3 p. 79, 25 [Stone p. 6].—LXX uses κ. to designate the mistress as opposed to the slave; so also JosAs; Philo, Congr. Erud. Gr. 154; Jos., Ant. 17, 137; 139; PTebt 413, 1; 6; 20) Hv 1, 1, 5; 1, 2, 2; 1, 3, 3; 1, 4, 2; 2, 1, 3; 3, 1, 3; 8; 3, 2, 4; 3, 3, 1; 4f; 3, 4, 1; 3; 3, 5, 3; 3, 6, 5f; 3, 8, 2; 5f; 4, 2, 2f; 4, 3, 1. Many take 2J 1; 5 in this lit. sense (e.g. BWestcott, The Epistles of St. John 1886, 214; HPoggel, D. 2. u. 3. Brief d. Apostels Joh. 1896, 127ff). For the less formal sense dear found in pap s. M-M. s.v.—Other scholars consider it more probable that
    ② κ. is fig. here and refers to Christians as a group: congregation (s. ἀδελφή 2b), and ἐκλεκτὴ κυρία is usually translated the chosen (or elect) lady (so BWeiss et al.; s. BBresky, Das Verhältnis des zweiten Johannesbriefs zum dritten 1906, 2ff; FDölger, Ac V/3, ’36, 211–17, Domina mater ecclesia u. d. ‘Herrin’ im 2 J; ABrooke, ICC; RBultmann, Hermeneia comm. On the precarious nature of ref. to Lex. Cantabr. [p. 79f, w. note p. 119f, Houtsma; also Demetr. of Phaleron: 228 Fgm. 4 p. 961] s. H-JKlauck, ZNW 81, ’90, 135–42). For the imagery of God’s people as a woman s. Jer 4:31; 38:21; Zeph 3:14; Gal 4:25f; 1 Pt 5:13. The proposal (HGibbins, Exp. 6th ser., 6, 1902, 228f) to make ἐκλεκτή a proper noun and κυρία an adj. has little to recommend it.—DELG s.v. κύριος. M-M. TW.

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  • 5 συνάγω

    συνάγω fut. συνάξω; 1 aor. συνῆξα (2 Esdr 7:28; 8:15; cp. ParJer 7:16f; D 10:5), inf. συνάξαι Lk 3:17 v.l. (on the late aor. form s. Schwyzer I 749, 1; JMoulton, Cambridge Bibl. Essays 1909, 485f); 2 aor. συνήγαγον. Pass.: 1 fut. συναχθήσομαι; 1 aor. συνήχθην; pf. 3 sg. συνῆκται LXX (Hom. et al.)
    ① to cause to come together, gather (in)
    ⓐ things: J 15:6. κλάσματα 6:12f. ξύλα MPol 13:1. Of fish of every kind, which the net gathers up when it is cast Mt 13:47. Of the fragments of a ms. that is wearing out MPol 22:3a; EpilMosq 5a. Of field crops (Ex 23:10; Lev 25:3; JosAs 1:3) Mt 25:24, 26; cp. pass. (Jos., Ant. 5, 242) D 9:4a. W. indication of the destination εἴς τι (Diod S 19, 100, 2 τ. ἄσφαλτον ς. εἴς τινα τόπον) εἰς τὴν ἀποθήκην Mt 3:12; 6:26; 13:30; Lk 3:17. ποῦ 12:17. ἐκεῖ vs. 18. συνάγειν πάντα Lk 15:13 gather everything together, perh. with a commercial connotation turn everything into cash (cp. Plut., Cato Min. 762 [6, 7] κληρονομίαν εἰς ἀργύριον συναγαγών).—In imagery συνάγειν μετά τινος join with someone in gathering (opp. σκορπίζω, q.v. 1) Mt 12:30; Lk 11:23. συνάγειν καρπὸν εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον J 4:36. Of sheep, metaph. 10:16 P66.
    ⓑ of persons bring or call together, gather a number of persons (1 Km 5:11; PsSol 11:3; TestJob 17:2; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 234; IAndrosIsis, Kyme 17 husband and wife) πάντας οὓς εὗρον Mt 22:10. πάντας τοὺς ἀρχιερεῖς 2:4 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 4 §15: in view of frightening signs ἡ βουλὴ μάντεις συνῆγεν). πάντα τὰ ἔθνη 2 Cl 17:4; (Is 66:18). συνέδριον (Diod S 17, 4, 2 συνέδριον συναγαγών, likew. 17, 30, 1.—Cp. Ex 3:16 τ. γερουσίαν, likew. Jos., Ant. 5, 332; PsSol 8:28 τὴν διασπορὰν Ἰσραήλ) J 11:47. τὸ πλῆθος (Diod S 4, 53, 1 συναγαγεῖν εἰς ἐκκλησίαν τὰ πλήθη; Jos., Ant. 3, 188; cp. ParJer 7:16f τὸν λαόν) Ac 15:30. τὴν ἐκκλησίαν (Aeneas Tact. 431; Lucian, Jupp. Trag. 15) 14:27; cp. D 10:5. συνάξεις πάντας τοὺς σοὺς ὑπὸ τὸ στέγος σου 1 Cl 12:6. Foll. by εἰς to indicate the place (X., Ages. 1, 25; Jos., Vi. 280 τὸ πλῆθος εἰς τὴν προσευχήν; ApcEsdr 3:6 πάντα εἰς τὴν κοιλάδα τοῦ Ἰωσαφάτ) εἰς τὸν τόπον Rv 16:16 (Diod S 17, 20, 1 συνήγαγεν εἰς ἕνα τόπον τοὺς ἀρίστους; 13, 49, 3). εἰς ἕν J 11:52 (cp. εἰς 4a). To indicate purpose (Dionys. Hal. 2, 45 ὅπως εἰς φιλίαν συνάξουσι τὰ ἔθνη; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 111) εἰς τὸν πόλεμον Rv 16:14; 20:8. Cp. 13:10 v.l. ἐπί τινα Mt 27:27. ἵνα κἀμὲ συναγάγῃ ὁ κύριος Ἰ. Χρ. μετὰ τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν that the Lord Jesus Christ may gather me also with the chosen MPol 22:3b; EpilMosq 5b.—Pass., either in the passive sense be gathered or brought together συναχθήσονται ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη Mt 25:32. συναχθήτω σου ἡ ἐκκλησία ἀπὸ τῶν περάτων τῆς γῆς εἰς τὴν σὴν βασιλείαν D 9:4b; or w. act. force gather, come together, assemble (Gen 29:8; Dt 33:5; Esth 9:18; En 13:9; TestReub 1:2; ApcMos 5:38; ViJer 12 [p. 73, 8 Sch.]) Mt 22:41; 27:17; Mk 2:2; MPol 18:2; D 14:1; 16:2. The subject can also be a collective word συνήχθη τὸ πρεσβυτέριον Lk 22:66; ἡ πόλις Ac 13:44. More closely defined: as to place εἴς τι Mt 26:3; Ac 4:5 v.l. εἰς τὸ δεῖπνον Rv 19:17. ἔν τινι: Ac 4:5, 31. ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ with the congregation 11:26. ἐὰν ἦτε μετʼ ἐμοῦ συνηγμένοι ἐν τῷ κόλπῳ μου if you are gathered with me in my bosom 2 Cl 4:5 (a dominical saying, of unknown origin). παρά τινι with someone Ac 21:18 D. πρός τινα to or with someone (TestBenj10:11) Mt 13:2; 27:62; Mk 4:1; 6:30; 7:1. πρὸς ἀλλήλους GPt 8:28. ἐπί τινα with or around someone Mk 5:21; against someone (Gen 34:30; Josh 10:6; Hos 10:10) Ac 4:27 (=κατά τινος vs. 26 after Ps 2:2). ἐπὶ τὴν ζωήν into life 2 Cl 17:3. ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό (s. αὐτός 3b and ἐπί 1cβ) Mt 22:34; Ac 4:26 (Ps 2:2); 1 Cl 34:7. συναχθέντες ὁμοῦ GJs 9:1. σύν τινι (Mi 2:12) 1 Cor 5:4. συναχθέντες μετὰ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων Mt 28:12; also of an individual pers. συνήχθη Ἰησοῦς μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ J 18:2 (HReynen, BZ 5, ’61, 86–90 ‘stay’). W. an adv. of place οὗ Mt 18:20; Ac 20:8; ὅπου Mt 26:57; J 20:19 v.l.; ἐκεῖ (TestBenj 9:2; Jos., Ant. 6, 23) Mt 24:28; Lk 17:37 v.l.; J 18:2. Foll. by inf. of purpose Ac 13:44; 15:6; 20:7; Rv 19:19.
    ② to effect renewed relations, bring together, reconcile, ext. of 1 (Demosth. et al.; Herodian 3, 13, 5; 4, 3, 4; 9) μαχομένους συναγαγών B 19:12.
    ③ to bring together with, lead or bring (to) (Hom. et al.) pass. πᾶσα γλῶσσα εἰς θεὸν συνήχθη of Christianity as the one route to God for all IMg 10:3 (the prep. prob. functions here in an associative sense).
    ④ to extend a welcome to, invite/receive as a guest (w. εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν or εἰς τὸν οἶκον added Judg 19:18; 2 Km 11:27; Dt 22:2. S. also Gen 29:22; Achilles Tat. 3, 8, 3) Mt 25:35, 38, 43.
    ⑤ intr. (so, but w. a different mng., Theocr. 22, 82; Polyb. 11, 18, 4 [both = meet in hostile fashion]) to move to another position, advance, move (Aelian, VH 3, 9 συνάγοντος τοῦ πολέμου) σύναγε ἔτι ἄνω move farther up Mt 20:28 D (the prep. may function here in a deferential and associative sense ‘come along up higher’).—On Dg 12:9 s. καιρός, end (cp. Jos., C. Ap. 1, 126 συνάγεται πᾶς ὁ χρόνος).—M-M.

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  • 6 αὐλίζομαι

    αὐλίζομαι impf. ηὐλιζόμην. Pass.: fut. αὐλισθήσομαι LXX; JosAs 9:5; 1 aor. ηὐλίσθην (s. αὐλή; Hom.+; OGI 730, 7 [III B.C.]; pap; LXX; JosAs 9:4f; Joseph.) orig. of spending the night in the αὐλή, viz. in the open air, then also of temporary lodging, w. context indicating whether outdoors (‘bivouac’) or indoors.
    ① gener. to have a temporary sleeping arrangement, spend the night (Eupolis [V B.C.] 322; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 4 p. 332, 17 Jac. [indoors]; Arrian, Anab. 6, 25, 5 [army bivouacking]; Ctesias: 688 Fgm. 24 Jac. [=Ps.-Demetr., Eloc. §216] ‘where noble men must spend the night’—in euphem. ref. to the death of Cyrus as sleep; Judg 19:6f, 10f; 20:4B; Ruth 3:13 αὐλίσθητι τὴν νύκτα al. LXX; Jos., Ant. 1, 279) ἐκεῖ (Judg 19:7; Tob 6:1BA) Mt 21:17; εἴς τι Lk 21:37 (cp. Tob 14:9BA μηκέτι αὐλισθῆτε εἰς Νινευή, but the sense here is ‘stay’, s. 2 below; spend some time is also poss. for the Lk pass., but bivouac is certainly prob. in view of the chosen locale, s. 22:39). ἕως οὗ αὐλισθῇ until he finds lodging (again) D 11:6 (indoors).
    ② to have housing, without special ref. to nighttime, live, stay (Epict., Gnomolog., Fgm. 47; Himerius, Or. 54 [15], 1 αὐλίζ. ἡμέραν μίαν, accordingly not at night; of stabling animals BASP 24/1–2, ’87, p. 10, lines 17f [PCol inv. 316] α̣ὐ̣[λι]ζέσθω; Sir 51:23; Jos., Bell. 1, 334; 2, 301) 1 Cl 4:11.—DELG s.v. αὐλή. M-M.

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  • 7 ἀριθμός

    Grammatical information: m.
    Meaning: `number, payment' (Od.);
    Other forms: Through metathesis ἀμιθρός (Schwy. 268)
    Derivatives: Denom. verb ἀριθμέω `count' (Il.) with ἀριθμητικός.
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [60] * h₂rei- `count'
    Etymology: Derivation in - θμο- of the root in νήρι-τος `countless'; cf. the PN Έπήριτος, Arc. Πεδάριτος and the Arc. appellative Έπάριτοι `the chosen', Wackernagel Unt. 250, Philol. 86, 133ff. - Outside Greek one compares Germanic words, ONo. rīm n. `account', OHG. rīm m. `row, number', OIr. rīm `number'; also Lat. rītus `use, rite'? (Not here Arm. hariwr, which is an Iranian loan.)
    Page in Frisk: 1,139

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀριθμός

  • 8 καταριθμέω

    καταριθμέω aor. inf. καταριθμῆσαι (Just., D. 132, 1). Pass.: aor. 3 pl. κατηριθμήθησαν Hos 4:14 Theod.; pf. pass. ptc. κατηριθμημένος (s. ἀριθμέω; Eur., Pla. et al.; ins, pap, LXX, Philo, Joseph., Just.).
    ① to enumerate, count (Jos., Ant. 11, 73; Just., A I, 9, 4 al.) ὁ ἀριθμὸς ὁ κατηριθμημένος τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν the number of the chosen, that has been counted 1 Cl 59:2.
    ② to include as an entity in a group, count among pass. belong to w. ἐν (Pla., Polit. 266a al.; Diod S 4, 85, 5; 16, 83, 3; SIG 810, 24 ἀνδρὸς παρʼ ὑμεῖν ἐν τοῖς ἐπιφανεστάτοις καταριθμουμένου; UPZ 110, 99 [164 B.C.]; 2 Ch 31:19; Philo, Spec. Leg. 2, 118) of the traitor: κατηριθμημένος ἦν ἐν ἡμῖν he belonged to our number Ac 1:17.—DELG s.v. ἀριθμός. M-M.

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  • 9 ἐπισυνάγω

    ἐπισυνάγω fut. ἐπισυνάξω; 1 aor. inf. ἐπισυνάξαι Lk 13:24 as well as 2 aor. inf. ἐπισυναγαγεῖν Mt 23:37 (W-S. §13, 10; Mlt-H. 226). Pass.: 1 fut. ἐπισυναχθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐπισυνήχθην; pf. 3 sg. ἐπισυνῆκται 1 Macc. 15:12, ptc. ἐπισυνηγμένος (s. next entry; Polyb.; Plut., Mor. 894a al.; ins, pap, LXX, En; TestSol D 3, 3f; Test12Patr; GrBar 15:2; ApcMos 29; EpArist, Joseph.) in our lit. always=συνάγω (cp. Lk 17:37=Mt 24:28) to bring together, gather (together) τινά someone (3 Km 18:20 [συναγ. v.l.]; Ps 105:47 al.; TestNapht 8:3) τὰ τέκνα Mt 23:37a; Lk 13:34. Of a hen that gathers her brood Mt 23:37b. τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς ἐκ τῶν τεσσάρων ἀνέμων the chosen people from the four winds 24:31; Mk 13:27. Pass. be gathered (OGI 90, 23; SIG 700, 21 [117 B.C.]; 2 Ch 20:26; 1 Esdr 9:5 al.; En 22:3; Philo, Op. M. 38) of birds of prey around a dead body Lk 17:37. Of a crowd gathering (Jos., Ant. 18, 37) 12:1. ὅλη ἡ πόλις Mk 1:33.—DELG s.v. ἄγω. M-M.

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  • 10 αἱρέω

    αἱρέω, [tense] impf.
    A

    ᾕρεον Il.24.579

    , [dialect] Ion.

    αἵρεον Hdt.6.31

    , but [var] contr. ᾕρει even in Il.17.463,

    ᾕρευν Hes.Sc. 302

    : [tense] fut.

    αἱρήσω Il.9.28

    , etc.: [tense] aor. 1 ᾕρησα late ([etym.] ἀν-) Q.S.4.40, etc.: [tense] pf.

    ᾕρηκα A.Ag. 267

    , Th.1.61, etc., [dialect] Ion. ἀραίρηκα or αἵρηκα ([etym.] ἀν-) Hdt.5.102: [tense] plpf.

    ἀραιρήκεε 3.39

    :—[voice] Med., [tense] fut.

    αἱρήσομαι Il.10.235

    , etc.: [tense] aor. 1

    ᾑρησάμην Plb.38.13.7

     s. v.l., Gal.19.53, etc.: [tense] pf. in med. sense

    ᾕρημαι Ar.Av. 1577

    , X.An.5.6.12, D.2.15, etc.: [ per.] 3pl. [tense] plpf.

    ᾕρηντο Th.1.62

    :—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

    αἱρεθήσομαι Hdt. 2.13

    , Pl.Mx. 234b; rarely

    ᾑρήσομαι Id.Prt. 338c

    : [tense] aor. ᾑρέθην and [tense] pf.

    ᾕρημαι D.20.146

    , al.; [tense] pf. part.

    ἀραιρημένος Hdt.4.66

    : plqf.

    ᾕρηντο X. An.3.2.1

    ,

    ἀραίρητο Hdt.1.191

    , etc.—From [root ] ἑλ-: [tense] fut. ἑλῶ only late ([etym.] δι-) Test.Epict.6.18, ([etym.] ἀν-) D.H.11.18, ([etym.] καθ-) APl.4.334 (Antiphil.): [tense] aor.1 εἷλα ([etym.] ἀν-) Act.Ap.2.23, ([etym.] ἀν-) Epigr.Gr.314.24 ([place name] Smyrna): elsewh.[tense] aor.2

    εἷλον Il.10.561

    , etc., [dialect] Ep.

    ἕλον 17.321

    , [dialect] Ion.

    ἕλεσκε 24.752

    :— [voice] Med., [tense] fut.

    ἑλοῦμαι D.H.4.75

    , ([etym.] ἀφ-) Timostr.5, ([etym.] δι-) D.H.4.60, ([etym.] ἐξ-) Alciphr.1.9: [tense] aor. 1

    εἱλάμην Epigr.Gr.314.5

     ([place name] Smyrna), ([etym.] ἀφ-) v.l. in Ath.12.546a, ([etym.] δι-) AP9.56 (Phil.): elsewh. [tense] aor. 2

    εἱλόμην Il.16.139

    , etc., [ per.] 2sg.

    ἤλεο Sapph.Oxy.1787.6.3

    :—Cret. forms

    αἰλεθῇ Leg.Gort. 2.21

    , ἀν-αιλῆθαι ib.7.10, al.:—the etym. is doubtful, and ἀγρέω (q.v.) prob. has a difft. root.
    A [voice] Act., take with the hand, grasp, seize,

    αἱ. τι ἐν χερσίν Od.4.66

    ; αἱ. τινὰ χειρός to take one by the hand, Il.1.323; κόμης τινά ib. 197;

    μ' ἑλὼν ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσίν Od.23.76

    : part. ἑλών adverbially,

    κατακτεῖναί μ' ἑλών S.Ant. 497

    ;

    ἄξω ἑλών Il.1.139

    , cf. Pi.O.7.1; but ἔνθεν ἑλών having taken up [the song], Od.8.500.
    II take, get into one's power, νῆας ib.13.42; esp. take a city, 2.37, S.Ph. 347, etc.; overpower, kill, Il.4.457, etc.;

    ἕλοιμί κεν ἤ κε ἁλοίην 22.253

    :—freq. of passions, etc., come upon, seize,

    χόλος Il.18.322

    ;

    ἵμερος 3.446

    ;

    ὕπνος 10.193

    ;

    λήθη 2.34

    , etc.: c. dupl.acc.,

    τὸν δ' ἄτη φρένας εἷλε 16.805

    ; of disease, Pl.Tht. 142b.
    2 catch, take,

    ζωὸν ἑλεῖν Il.21.102

    ; take in hunting, Hes.Sc. 302, Hdt. 1.36, etc.; overtake, in a race, Il.23.345; get into one's power, entrap, S.OC 764, etc.; in good sense, win over, X.Mem.2.3.16, cf. 3.11.11, Pl.Ly. 205e, etc.
    b c. part., catch, detect one doing a thing, S. Ant. 385, 655;

    ἐπ' αὐτοφώρῳ ἑλεῖν E. Ion 1214

    ;

    φῶρα ἐπὶ κλοπῇ ἑλεῖν Pl.Lg. 874b

    .
    3 generally, win, gain,

    κῦδος Il.17.321

    ;

    στεφάνους Pi.P.3.74

    , etc.; esp. in games,

    Ἴσθμι' ἑλὼν πύξ Simon.158

    ; with double sense, overcome and win,

    ἑλέτην δίφρον τε καὶ ἀνέρε Il.11.328

    ;

    ἕλεν Οἰνομάου βίαν παρθένον τε σύνευνον Pi.O.1.88

    , cf. S.Tr. 353:— [voice] Pass., ἁγὼν ᾑρέθη the fight was won, S.OC 1148.
    b generally, get, obtain, Pl.R. 359a, Ti. 64b, etc.
    4 as law-term, convict,

    τινά τινος Ar.Nu. 591

    , Is.9.36, Aeschin.3.156;

    εἷλέ σ' ἡ Δίκη E.

     Heracl. 941, cf. Supp. 608: c. part., αἱ. τινὰ κλέπτοντα to convict of theft, Ar.Eq. 829, Pl.Lg. 941d; ᾑρῆσθαι κλοπεύς (sc. ὤν) S.Ant. 493, cf. 406.
    b αἱ. δίκην, γραφήν get a verdict for conviction, Antipho 2.1.5, etc.; also ἑλεῖν τινα obtain a conviction against one, Is.7.13; ἑλεῖν τὰ διαμαρτυρηθ έντα convict the evidence of falsehood, Isoc.18.15.
    5 ὁ λόγος αἱρέει reason or the reason of the thing proves, Hdt.2.33: c. acc. pers., reason persuades one, i.e. it seems good to one, Id.1.132, 7.41; ὡς ἐμὴ γνώμη αἱ. Hdt.2.43;

    ὅπῃ ὁ λόγος αἱ. βέλτιστ' ἂν ἔχειν Pl.R. 604c

    , cf. Lg. 663d: c. inf., R. 440b;

    ὁ αἱρῶν λόγος Chrysipp.Stoic.3.92

    ; αἱρεῖ alone, proves, Plu.2.651b.
    b τὸ αἱροῦν the sum due, PRyl.167.25 (i A. D.);

    τὰ αἱροῦντα [τάλαντα] PGrenf.2.23.14

     (ii B. C.), PRyl.88.19 (ii A. D.).
    III grasp with the mind, understand, Pl.Phlb. 17e, 20d, Plt. 282d.
    B [voice] Med., with [tense] pf. ᾕρημαι (v. supr.), take for oneself, ἔγχος ἑλέσθαι take one's spear, Il.16.140, etc.;

    ἐκ γαίας λίθον A.Fr. 199

    ; δόρπον, δεῖπνον take one's supper, Il.7.370, 2.399; πιέειν δ' οὐκ εἶχεν ἑλέσθαι Od.11.584; Τρωσὶν.. ὅρκον ἑλ. obtain it from.., Il.22.119; and so in most senses of the [voice] Act., with the reflexive force added.
    II take to oneself, choose,

    ἕταρον Il.10.235

    , cf. 9.139, Od.16.149, etc.; prefer,

    τι πρό τινος Hdt.1.87

    ;

    τι ἀντί τινος X.An.1.7.3

    , D.2.15;

    τί τινος S.Ph. 1101

    , cf. Theoc.11.49.
    c αἱ. εἰ .. to be content if., AP 12.68 (Mel.).
    2 αἱ. τά τινων take another's part, join their party, Th.3.63, etc.; αἱ. γνώμην to adopt an opinion, Hdt.4.137.
    3 choose by vote, elect to an office, αἱ. τινὰ δικαστήν, στρατηγόν, etc., Id.1.96, Eup.117, etc.; τινὰς ἀριστίνδην Lex ap.D.43.57;

    αἱ. τινὰ ἐπ' ἀρχήν Pl.Men. 90b

    ;

    αἱ. τινὰ ἄρχειν Id.Ap. 28e

    , cf. Il.2.127.
    C [voice] Pass., to be taken, Hdt.1.185, 191, 9.102; more commonly ἁλίσκομαι.
    2 v. supr. A. 11.3.
    II [voice] Pass. to med. sense, to be chosen, in [tense] pf.

    ᾕρημαι A.Ag. 1209

    , etc.; [dialect] Ion.

    ἀραίρημαι Hdt.7.118

    , 172, 173, al.;

    στρατηγεῖν ᾑρημένος X.Mem.3.2.1

    ; ἐπ' ἀρχῆς ᾑρῆσθαι ib.3.3.2;

    ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν παίδων ἀρχήν Pl.Lg. 809a

    ; τοῦ ἔτους.. ᾑρημένοι elected for the year.., IGRom.3.1422 (Bithyn.):—[tense] aor. ᾑρέθην is always so used, A.Th. 505, Ar.Av. 799, Th.7.31, etc.; [tense] pres. rarely, αἱροῦνται πρεσβευταί are chosen, Arist.Pol. 1299a19, cf. And.4.16.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > αἱρέω

  • 11 συνεκλεκτός

    συνεκλεκτός, ή, όν pert. to being chosen together with, also chosen, only fem. and subst. ἡ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι συνεκλεκτή the one in Babylon chosen the same as (you) 1 Pt 5:13. No individual woman is meant, least of all Peter’s wife, but rather a congregation w. whom Peter is staying. Cp. Βαβυλών.—DELG s.v. λέγω. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > συνεκλεκτός

  • 12 ἐκλέγομαι

    ἐκλέγομαι impf. ἐξελεγόμην; fut. ἐκλέξομαι LXX; 1 aor. ἐξελεξάμην. Pass. 2 aor. ἐξελέγην; pf. pass. ἐκλέλεγμαι, ptc. ἐκλελεγμένος Lk 9:35 (Hdt.+; ins, pap, LXX; En 6:2; 7:1; TestJob 9:4; Test12Patr; JosAs cod. A [p. 68, 20 and 71:15 Bat.]; EpArist; Joseph., Just.; Mel., P. 83, 622 ; the act. does not occur in our lit.)
    [b]① to pick out someone or someth., choose (for oneself) τινά (τί) someone (someth.) w. indication of that from which the selection is made τινὰ ἔκ τινος (Isocr. 9, 58; 2 Km 24:12; 2 Ch 33:7; Sir 45:4; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 16 and18 Jac.; ἐκ τῶν γραφῶν Iren. 1, 19, 1 [Harv. I 175, 9; of the ‘eclecticism’ of dissidents]) choose someone fr. among a number πάντων 1 Cl 59:3; of two Ac 1:24. ὑμᾶς ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου J 15:19. ἐξ αὐτῶν Hs 9, 9, 3. ἐκλεξαμένους ἄνδρας ἐξ αὐτῶν πέμψαι to choose men fr. among them and to send them Ac 15:22, cp. 25. For this τινὰ ἀπό τινος (Dt 14:2; Sir 45:16; Just. D. 27, 1 ἀπὸ τῶν προφητικῶν λόγων): ἀπʼ αὐτῶν δώδεκα twelve of them Lk 6:13.
    ② to make a choice in accordance with significant preference, select someone/someth. for oneself, w. simple acc.
    ⓐ w. acc. of pers. (Jo 2:16; Bar 3:27; 1 Macc 10:32; Jos., Ant. 7, 372 God chooses Solomon; Just., D. 17, 1 ἄνδρας; Mel., P. 83 [Bodm.] σέ): Mk 13:20; J 13:18; 15:16; GEb 19, 85 and 34, 60. Jesus 1 Cl 64. The twelve J 6:70; PtK 3 p. 15, 17. The apostles Ac 1:2; B 5:9. Stephen Ac 6:5. A faithful slave Hs 5, 2, 2. Of God: the ancestors (as God’s own) Ac 13:17 (oft. LXX, cp. Dt 4:37; 10:15).
    ⓑ w. acc. of thing (X., Mem. 1, 6, 14; Pla., Leg. 2, 670d, Tim. p. 24c; Demosth. 18, 261 et al.; PMagd 29, 4 [III B.C.]=PEnteux 66, 4 τ. βέλτιστον τόπον; Is 40:20; 1 Macc 7:37; 2 Ch 35:19d; Jos., Bell. 2, 149 τόπους; Just., A I, 43, 7 τὰ καλά; Hippol., Ref. 5, 9, 20): B 21:1; good part Lk 10:42; places of honor 14:7; a good place Hv 3, 1, 3; a fast B 3:1, 3 (Is 58:5f).
    ⓒ w. indication of the purpose for which the choice is made:
    α. εἴς τι for someth. (Ps 32:12; Just., D. 67, 2 ἐκλεγήναι εἰς Χριστόν) eternal life Hv 4, 3, 5. εἰς τὸ ἱερατεύειν to be priest 1 Cl 43:4.
    β. w. ἵνα foll. 1 Cor 1:27f.
    γ. w. inf. foll. (1 Ch 15:2; 28:5; 1 Esdr 5:1) ἐξελέξατο ἡμᾶς εἶναι ἡμᾶς ἁγίους he has chosen us that we might be holy Eph 1:4. Without obj. ἐν ὑμῖν ἐξελέξατο ὁ θεὸς διὰ τοῦ στόματός μου ἀκοῦσαι in your presence God chose that (they) were to hear through my mouth Ac 15:7. W. ellipsis of the inf. ἐξελέξατο τοὺς πτωχοὺς (sc. εἶναι) πλουσίους (God) chose the poor that they might be rich Js 2:5.
    δ. abs.: ἐκλελεγμένος chosen of Jesus, as God’s child Lk 9:35 (cp. ὸ̔ν ὁ πατὴρ … ἐξελέξατο διὰ λόγου εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν αὐτοῦ Iren. 1, 15, 3 [Harv. I 150, 6]; ἀγαπητός is found in the parallels Mt 17:5; Mk 9:7, and in Lk as v.l.; it = ἐκλελεγμένος also Vett. Val. 17, 2). Of Christians 1 Cl 50:7; cp. Pol 1:1. Of the church IEph ins.
    ③ gather in a crop, gather ἐξ ἀκανθῶν ἐκλέγονται σῦκα Lk 6:44 D; s. συλλέγω.—HRowley, The Biblical Doctrine of Election, ’50.—DELG s.v. λέγω. M-M s.v. ἐκλέγω. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐκλέγομαι

  • 13 κληρόω

    κληρόω aor. mid. ἐκληρωσάμην (GJs 19:1 codd.); pf. mid. 2 sg. κεκλήρωσαι (GJs 9:1); pf. ptc. κεκληρωμένος (MPol 6:2); 1 aor. pass. ἐκληρώθην (s. κλῆρος and the three entries preceding it; Pind., Hdt.+; ins, pap, LXX; TestIss 5:7; Philo; SibOr 5, 322).
    ① appoint by lot (act. Diod S 15, 18, 3 κληρώσαντες) pass. be appointed by lot (Appian, Mithrid. 102 §471 τοὺς κληρουμένους=those chosen by lot) gener. ὡς ἕκαστος ἐκληρώθη as each one’s lot is cast Dg 5:4. If εἰς τὸ εἶναι … Eph 1:12 is dependent on ἐκληρώθημεν vs. 11, the mng. of κ. in vs. 11 could be chosen (cp. PIand 27, 4 ἐκληρώθημεν εἰς γεωργίαν; BGU 625, 5 ἐκληρώθην εἰς τὰ βουκόλια). But some render ἐν ᾧ ἐκληρώθημεν in whom our lot is cast = in whom we have our destiny, suggesting a total involvement in the fortunes of Christ. S. 2 below.
    ② obtain by lot, mid., also simply receive, have τὶ someth. (since Eur., Tro. 29; Herm. Wr. 16, 14; Philo, Mos. 2, 101 al.; Sb 7031, 23 [72 A.D.]; 7032, 22) ὁ κεκληρωμένος τὸ αὐτὸ ὄνομα who bore the same name MPol 6:2. τινὰ someone κεκλήρωσαι τὴν παρθένον you received the young woman by lot (so that you might protect her) GJs 9:1. W. double acc. ἐκληρωσάμην αὐτὴν γυναῖκα 19:1 (codd.). Pass. ἐν ᾧ ἐκληρώθημεν in whom we have obtained an inheritance Eph 1:11 appears to be the most probable rendering for this pass., the point being that the nations are also included, but s. 1 above.—DELG s.v. κλῆρος. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > κληρόω

  • 14 λαγχάνω

    λαγχάνω 2 aor. ἔλαχον, subj. λάχω, ptc. λαχών; pf. 3 sg. εἴληχεν (Ath., R. 13 p. 63, 27; LMelazzo, Glotta 71, ’93, 30–33), ptc. λελογχώς 3 Macc 6:1 (Hom.+) for its constr. s. B-D-F §171, 2; Rob. 509. Pass. of κληρόω.
    ① to obtain someth. as a portion, receive, obtain (by lot, or by divine will; Hom.+; IPriene 205, 2; PTebt II, 382, 5; 383, 14) τὶ someth. ἔλαχεν τὸν κλῆρον τῆς διακονίας ταύτης Ac 1:17. πίστιν 2 Pt 1:1.
    ② to be selected through casting of lots, be appointed/ chosen by lot (Hom. et al.; Pla., Pol. 290e ὁ λαχὼν βασιλεύς; SIG 486, 9; 762, 12 λαχὼν ἱερεύς. Oft. used sim. in ins; Jos., Bell. 3, 390. In the broader sense ‘befall’: ApcMos 15 τὸ λαχὸν αὐτοῦ μέρος ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ.) ἔλαχεν τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι he was chosen by lot to burn incense Lk 1:9 (on the constr. s. B-D-F §400, 3; Rob. 1060; 1 Km 14:47 v.l. Σαοὺλ ἔλαχεν τοῦ βασιλεύειν).
    ③ to allot a portion or make an assignment by casting lots, cast lots (Isocr. 7, 23; Diod S 4, 63, 3b) περί τινος for someth. (Ps.-Demosth. 21 Hyp. 2 §3.—B-D-F §229, 2; s. Rob. 509) J 19:24. λάχετέ μοι ὧδε, τίς νήσει τὸν χρυσόν cast lots, now, for the one who will weave the gold (for the temple curtain) GJs 10:2, w. some mss. adding καὶ ἔλαχεν τὴν Μαρίαν ἡ ἀληθινὴ πορφύρα and to Mary fell the lot of (weaving) real purple (i.e. high-quality fabric colored with the dye of shellfish rather than cheap imitations made w. vegetable or other dyes).—DELG. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > λαγχάνω

  • 15 κρίνω

    κρίνω [pron. full] [ῑ], [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. ind. κρίνησι ( δια-) f.l. in Theoc.25.46: [tense] fut. κρῐνῶ, [dialect] Ep., [dialect] Ion. κρῐνέω ( δια-) Il.2.387: [tense] aor.
    A

    ἔκρῑνα Od.18.264

    , etc.: [tense] pf.

    κέκρῐκα Pl.Lg. 734c

    , etc.:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut.

    κρῐνοῦμαι E.Med. 609

    , but in pass. sense, Pl.Grg. 521e: [tense] aor.

    ἐκρῑνάμην Il.9.521

    , etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

    κρῐθήσομαι A.Eu. 677

    , Antipho 6.37, etc.: [tense] aor. ἐκρίθην [ῐ] Pi.N.7.7, etc.; [ per.] 3pl.

    κρίθεν Id.P.4.168

    ,

    ἔκριθεν A.R.4.1462

    ; [dialect] Ep.opt. κρινθεῖτε ( δια-) Il.3.102, part.

    κρινθείς 13.129

    , Od.8.48, inf.

    κρινθήμεναι A.R.2.148

    : [tense] pf.

    κέκρῐμαι Pi.O.2.30

    , And.4.35, etc.; inf. κεκρίσθαι ( ἀπο-) Pl. Men. 75c:—[dialect] Aeol. [full] κρίννω dub.in IG12(2).278 (Mytil.): [tense] aor. ἔκριννε ib. 6.28(Mytil., [pref] ἐπ-); inf. κρίνναι ib.526b15:—Thess. [tense] pres. inf. [full] κρεννέμεν ib.9(2).517.14 ([place name] Larissa):—separate, put asunder, distinguish,

    ὅτε τε ξανθὴ Δημήτηρ κρίνῃ.. καρπόν τε καὶ ἄχνας Il.5.501

    , etc.;

    κρῖν' ἄνδρας κατὰ φῦλα 2.362

    . cf. 446;

    ἥλιος ἠὼ καὶ δύσιν ἔκρινεν Emp.154.1

    ;

    κ. τὸ ἀληθές τε καὶ μή Pl.Tht. 150b

    ;

    τούς τε ἀγαθοὺς καὶ τοὺς κακούς X. Mem.3.1.9

    , etc.:—also [voice] Med.,

    ἀντία δ' ἐκρίναντο δέμας καὶ σήματ' ἔθεντο χωρὶς ἀπ' ἀλλήλων Parm.8.55

    :—[voice] Pass.,

    κρινόμενον πῦρ Emp.62.2

    .
    II pick out, choose,

    ἐν δ' ἐρέτας ἔκρινεν ἐείκοσιν Il.1.309

    ;

    ἐκ Λυκίης.. φῶτας ἀρίστους 6.188

    , cf. Od.4.666, 9.90, 195, 14.217, etc.;

    κ. τινὰ ἐκ πάντων Hdt.6.129

    ;

    κρίνασα δ' ἀστῶν.. τὰ βέλτατα A.Eu. 487

    ;

    δίδωμί σοι κρίναντι χρῆσθαι S.OC 641

    , etc.:—[voice] Med., κρίνασθαι ἀρίστους to choose the best, Il.9.521, cf. 19.193, Od.4.408, 530, etc.:—[voice] Pass., to be chosen out, distinguished,

    ἵνα τε κρίνονται ἄριστοι 24.507

    ; esp.in partt., κεκριμένος picked out, chosen, Il.10.417, Od.13.182, al., Hdt.3.31;

    κρινθείς Il.13.129

    , Od.8.48; ἀρετᾷ κριθείς distinguished for.., Pi.N.7.7; κριθέντων ἐν τοῖς ἱερέοις approved.., GDI2049.15 (Delph.); ἀσπίδα.. κεκριμένην ὕδατι καὶ πολέμῳ proved by sea and land, AP9.42 (Leon.); ἐν ζῶσι κεκριμένα numbered among.., cj. in E.Supp. 969 (lyr.);

    εἰς τοὺς ἐφήβους κριθείς Luc.Am.2

    .
    2 decide disputes,

    κρίνων νείκεα πολλά Od.12.440

    ;

    ἔκριναν μέγα νεῖκος.. πολέμοιο 18.264

    : c.acc. cogn., οἳ.. σκολιὰς κρίνωσι θέμιστας judge crooked judgements, Il.16.387;

    κ. δίκας Hdt. 2.129

    ;

    κρῖνε δ' εὐθεῖαν δίκην A.Eu. 433

    , etc.; πρώτας δίκας κρίνοντες αἵματος ib. 682; κρινεῖ δὲ δὴ τίς ταῦτα; Ar.Ra. 805;

    κ. κρίσιν Pl.R. 36o

    e;

    ἄριστα κ. Th.6.39

    ; κρίνουσι βοῇ καὶ οὐ ψήφῳ they decide the question.., Id.1.87;

    μίσει πλέον ἢ δίκῃ κ. Id.3.67

    ;

    τὸ δίκαιον κ. Isoc.14.10

    ; τῷ τοῦτο κρίνεις; by what do you form this judgement? Ar.Pl. 48;

    κ. περί τινος Pi.N.5.40

    , Pl.Ap. 35d, Arist.Rh. 1391b9, etc.:— [voice] Pass.,

    ἀγὼν κριθήσεται A.Eu. 677

    ; κἂν ἰσόψηφος κριθῇ (sc. ἡ δίκη) ib. 741: impers., κριθησόμενον a decision being about to be taken, Arr.An. 3.9.6.
    b decide a contest, e.g. for a prize,

    ἀγῶνα κ. Ar.Ra. 873

    ;

    ἔργον ἐν κύβοις Ἄρης κρινεῖ A.Th. 414

    : c. acc. pers., κ. τὰς θεάς decide their contest, i.e. judge them, E.IA72:—[voice] Pass., Id.Supp. 601(lyr.);

    αἱ μάχαι κρίνονται ταῖς ψυχαῖς X.Cyr.3.3.19

    :—[voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., of persons, have a contest decided, come to issue,

    κρινώμεθ' Ἄρηϊ Il.2.385

    , cf.18.209;

    ὁπότε μνηστῆρσι καὶ ἡμῖν.. μένος κρίνηται Ἄρηος Od.16.269

    ;

    βίηφι κ. Hes.Th. 882

    ; dispute, contend, Ar.Nu.66;

    περὶ ἀρετῆς Hdt.3.120

    ;

    οὐ κρινοῦμαι.. σοι τὰ πλείονα E.Med. 609

    ;

    δίκῃ περί τινος κρίνεσθαι Th.4.122

    ; κρίνεσθαι μετά τινος v.l. in LXX Jd.8.1, Jb.9.3;

    πολλαῖς μάχαις κριθείς Nic.Dam.20

     J.; compete in games, c. acc. cogn.,

    κριθέντα Πύθια JRS3.295

     (Antioch. Pisid.): [tense] pf. part., decided, clear, strong,

    κεκριμένος οὖρος Il.14.19

    ; πόνοι κεκρ. decided, ended, Pi.N.4.1.
    3 adjudge,

    κράτος τινί S.Aj. 443

    :—[voice] Pass.,

    τοῖς οὔτε νόστος.. κρίθη Pi.P.8.84

    ;

    τὰ κριθησόμενα

     the sum adjudged to be paid,

    PLips.38.13

     (iv A. D.).
    b abs., judge, give judgement,

    ἄκουσον.. καὶ κρῖνον Ar.Fr. 473

    ;

    ἀδίκως κ. Pherecr.96

    , cf. Men.Mon. 287, 576.
    c Medic., bring to a crisis,

    τὸ θερμὸν φίλιόν [ἐστι] καὶ κρῖνον Hp.Aph.5.22

    ;

    κ. τὰ νοσήματα Gal.Nat. Fac.1.13

    , al.:—[voice] Pass., of a sick person, come to a crisis,

    ἐκρίθη εἰκοσταῖος Hp.Epid.1.15

     (also impers. in [voice] Act., ἔκρινε τούτοισιν ἑνδεκαταίοισιν the crisis came.., ib.18);

    τοῦ πάθους κριθέντος D.S.19.24

    .
    4 judge of, estimate, πρὸς ἐμαυτὸν κρίνων [αὐτόν] judging of him by myself, D.21.154;

    πρὸς ἀργύριον τὴν εὐδαιμονίαν κ. Isoc.4.76

    :—[voice] Pass.,

    ἴσον παρ' ἐμοὶ κέκριται Hdt.7.16

    .

    α'; εὔνοιακαιρῷ κρίνεται Men.691

    .
    5 expound, interpret in a particular way,

    τὸ ἐνύπνιον ταύτῃ ἔκριναν Hdt. 1.120

    , cf. 7.19, A.Pr. 485, etc.:—in [voice] Med.,

    ὁ γέρων ἐκρίνατ' ὀνείρους Il. 5.150

    .
    6 c. acc. et inf., decide or judge that.., Hdt.1.30, 214, Pl. Tht. 17od, etc.;

    κρίνω σὲ νικᾶν A.Ch. 903

    ; so, with the inf. omitted,

    ἀνδρῶν πρῶτον κ. τινά S.OT34

    ;

    Ἔρωτα δ' ὅστις μὴ θεὸν κρίνει μέγαν E.Fr. 269

    ;

    τὴν πόλιν ἀθλιωτάτην ἔκρινας Pl.R. 578b

    ;

    ἐκ τῶν λόγων μὴ κρῖνε.. σοφόν Philem.228

    :—[voice] Pass.,

    Ἑλλήνων ἕνα κριθέντ' ἄριστον S.Ph. 1345

    , cf. Th.2.40, etc.
    7 decide in favour of, prefer, choose,

    κρίνω δ' ἄφθονον ὄλβον A.Ag.47

    <*>, cf. Supp. 396 (both lyr.);

    τὴν ἐλπίδα τῆς τύχης πάρος S.Tr. 724

    ;

    τινὰ πρό τινος Pl.R. 399e

    , cf. Phlb. 57e;

    τι πρός τι Id.Phd. 110a

     ([voice] Pass.);

    εἴ σφε κρίνειεν Πάρις E.Tr. 928

    , cf. Ar.Av. 1103, Ec. 1155; choose between,

    δύ' ἔσθ' ἃ κρῖναι τὸν γαμεῖν μέλλοντα δεῖ, ἤτοι προσηνῆ γ' ὄψιν ἢ χρηστὸν τρόπον Men.584

    .
    8 c.inf.only, determine to do a thing, UPZ42.37(ii B. C.), Ep.Tit.3.12, 1 Ep.Cor.2.2, etc.; ζῆν μεθ' ὧν κρίνῃ τις ἄν (sc. ζῆν ) with whom he chooses to live, Men.506; but

    τὸ βιάζεσθαι οὐκ ἔκρινε D.S.15.32

    .
    III in Trag., question,

    αὐτὸν.. ἅπας λεὼς κρίνει παραστάς S.Tr. 195

    ; εἴ νιν πρὸς βίαν κρίνειν θέλοις ib. 388; καὶ κρῖνε κἀξέλεγχ' Id.Ant. 399;

    μὴ κρῖνε, μὴ 'ξέταζε Id.Aj. 586

    ;

    σέ τοι, σὲ κρίνω Id.El. 1445

    .
    2 bring to trial, accuse, D.2.29, 18.15, 19.233; κ. θανάτου judge (in matters) of life and death, X.Cyr.1.2.14;

    κ. τινὰ προδοσίας Lycurg.113

    ;

    περὶ προδοσίας Isoc.15.129

    ; κ. τινὰ κακώσεως ἐπαρχίας, Lat. repetundarum, Plu.Caes. 4:—[voice] Pass., to be brought to trial, Th.6.29; θανάτου ( δίκῃ add. cod. B) Id.3.57;

    Λεωκράτους τοῦ κρινομένου Lycurg.1

    ; κρίνομαι πρὸς Σωφρόνην; Men.Epit. 529;

    τρὶς κρίνεται παρ' ὑμῖν περὶ θανάτου D.4.47

    ;

    ἐκρίνετο τὴν περὶ Ὠρωποῦ κρίσιν θανάτου Id.21.64

    : c. gen. criminis,

    κρίνεσθαι δώρων Lys.27.3

    :

    κ. ἐπ' ἀδικήματι Plu.2.241e

    : abs.,

    ὁ κεκριμένος Aeschin.2.159

    .
    3 pass sentence upon, condemn, D.19.232:— [voice] Pass., to be judged, condemned,

    κακούργου.. ἐστι κριθέντ' ἀποθανεῖν Id.4.47

    ;

    μὴ κρίνετε, ἵνα μὴ κριθῆτε Ev.Matt.7.1

    ; τὰ κεκριμένα the judgement of a court, PRyl.76.8 (ii A. D.). ( κρῐ-ν-y ω ἐ-κρῐ-ν-σα, cf. Lat. cerno (from *cr[icaron]-n-), crībrum (from * crei-dhrom).)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κρίνω

  • 16 ἐκλογή

    ἐκλογή, ῆς, ἡ (ἐκ + λέγω)
    ① a special choice, selection, choice, election act. sense (s. ἐκλέγομαι 2; Pla., Rep. 3, 414a; PTebt 5, 166 [118 B.C.]; POxy 496, 15; BGU 1158, 13; Mitt-Wilck. II/2, 234; al. pap; PsSol 9:4; EpArist 33; Jos., Bell. 2, 165, Ant. 8, 24; Just., Mel.) σκεῦος ἐκλογῆς (Hebraistic= ς. ἐκλεκτόν) a chosen instrument Ac 9:15. Esp. of God’s selection of Christians 2 Pt 1:10; 1 Th 1:4. κατʼ ἐκλογήν (Polyb. 6, 10, 9; Alciphron 2, 36, 1; Just., D. 49, 1. The expression is capable of various interpretations, either=‘by choice’ as Apollon. Rhod. 2, 16b or adjectivally, as Diod S 13, 72, 4 ὁπλῖται κατʼ ἐκλογήν=picked, select, crack hoplites): κατʼ ἐκλογὴν χάριτος acc. to selection out of generosity = selected out of generosity or by grace Ro 11:5. ἡ κατʼ ἐ. πρόθεσις τ. θεοῦ the purpose of God which operates by selection 9:11. κατὰ τὴν ἐ. ἀγαπητοί as far as (their) selection or election (by God) is concerned, beloved 11:28 (cp. Dt 7:7 κύριος … ἐξελέξατο ὑμᾶς). μαρτύριον ἐκλογῆς Dg 4:4. ἐκλογὰς ποιεῖν ἀπό τινων make a selection from among some people MPol 20:1 (cp. Antig. Car. 26 ποιεῖσθαι τ. ἐκλογὴν ἔκ τινος=make a selection from).
    ② that which is chosen/selected, pass. sense (Polyb. 1, 47, 9 ἡ ἐ. τῶν ἀνδρῶν; Athen. 14 p. 663c; Phryn. 1; Philo, Spec. Leg. 4, 157) of pers. those selected (ἐκλογή collect.) Ro 11:7; 1 Cl 29:1.—AvHarnack, TU 42, 4, 1918 app.: Z. Terminologie der Wiedergeburt usw.—DELG s.v. λέγω B2a. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐκλογή

  • 17 λογάς

    λογάς (A), άδος, ὁ, ἡ, ([etym.] λέγω)
    A picked, chosen, mostly in pl. of picked men,

    λ. νεηνίαι Hdt.1.36

    ,43, E.Hec. 544, etc.;

    τριηκόσιοι Σπαρτιητέων λ. Hdt.8.124

    ;

    λ. Περσέων τοὺς ἀρίστους χιλίους Id.9.63

    ;

    Ἀργείων οἱ χίλιοι λ. Th.5.67

    ;

    στρατηγῶν λογάδες E.Andr. 324

    ; of cattle, PStrassb.24.32 (ii A. D.); φωναὶ λογάδες chosen phrases, Phot.Bibl. p.491 B.: with collect.Nouns,

    στρατιὴ λ. ἡμιθέων AP15.51

     (Arch.).
    2 λ. λίθοι unhewn stones, taken just as they were picked, Paus.7.22.5; cf.

    λογάδην, λέγω B. 1

    , λιθολόγος.
    ------------------------------------
    λογάς (B), usu. in pl., [full] λογάδες, αἱ,
    A whites of the eyes, Sophr.49, Call.Fr. 132, Nic.Th. 292 (sg., Poll.2.70): generally, eyes, AP5.269 (Paul. Sil.).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > λογάς

  • 18 κόσμος

    κόσμος, ου, ὁ (Hom.+)
    ① that which serves to beautify through decoration, adornment, adorning (Hom.+; Diod S 20, 4, 5 τῶν γυναικῶν τὸν κόσμον; OGI 531, 13; SIG 850, 10; IMaronIsis 41; PEleph 1, 4; PSI 240, 12 γυναικεῖον κόσμον; LXX; TestJud 12:1; JosAs 2:6 al.; Philo, Migr. Abr. 97 γυναικῶν κ.; Jos., Ant. 1, 250; 15, 5; Just., A II, 11, 4f) of women’s attire, etc. ὁ ἔξωθεν … κόσμος external adorning 1 Pt 3:3 (Vi. Hom. 4 of the inward adornment of a woman, beside σωφροσύνη; Crates, Ep. 9; Pythag., Ep. 11, 1; Plut., Mor. 141e; on the topic of external adornment cp. SIG 736, 15–26).
    ② condition of orderliness, orderly arrangement, order (Hom. et al.; s. HDiller, Die vorphilosophische Gebrauch von κ. und κοσμεῖν: BSnell Festschr., ’56, 47–60) μετὰ κόσμου in order Dg 12:9 (text uncertain; s. μετακόσμιος).
    ③ the sum total of everything here and now, the world, the (orderly) universe, in philosophical usage (so, acc. to Plut., Mor. 886b, as early as Pythagoras; certainly Heraclitus, Fgm. 66; Pla., Gorg. 508a, Phdr. 246c; Chrysipp., Fgm. 527 v. Arnim κόσμος σύστημα ἐξ οὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς καὶ τῶν ἐν τούτοις περιεχομένων φύσεων. Likew. Posidonius in Diog. L. 7, 138; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 2 p. 391b, 9ff; 2 and 4 Macc; Wsd; EpArist 254; Philo, Aet. M. 4; Jos., Ant. 1, 21; Test12Patr; SibOr 7, 123; AssMos Fgm. b Denis [=Tromp p. 272]; Just., A I, 20, 2 al.; Ath. 19, 2 al.; Orig., C. Cels. 4, 68, 14; Did., Gen. 36, 7; 137, 13.—The other philosoph. usage, in which κ. denotes the heaven in contrast to the earth, is prob. without mng. for our lit. [unless perh. Phil 2:15 κ.=‘sky’?]). ἡ ἀέναος τοῦ κ. σύστασις the everlasting constitution of the universe 1 Cl 60:1 (cp. OGI 56, 48 εἰς τὸν ἀέναον κ.). Sustained by four elements Hv 3, 13, 3. πρὸ τοῦ τὸν κ. εἶναι before the world existed J 17:5. ἀπὸ καταβολῆς [κόσμου] from the beginning of the world Mt 13:35; 25:34; Lk 11:50; Hb 4:3; 9:26; Rv 13:8; 17:8. Also ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς κ. Mt 24:21 or ἀπὸ κτίσεως κ. Ro 1:20.—B 5:5 ἀπὸ καταβ. κ. evidently means at the foundation of the world (s. Windisch, Hdb. ad loc.). πρὸ καταβολῆς κ. before the foundation of the world J 17:24; Eph 1:4; 1 Pt 1:20 (on the uses w. καταβολή s. that word, 1). οὐδὲν εἴδωλον ἐν κ. no idol has any real existence in the universe (Twentieth Century NT) 1 Cor 8:4. Of the creation in its entirety 3:22. ὁ κόσμος ὅλος = πᾶσα ἡ κτίσις (Sallust. 21 p. 36, 13; TestSol 5:7; TestJob 33:4) Hs 9, 2, 1; 9, 14, 5. φωστῆρες ἐν κόσμῳ stars in the universe Phil 2:15 (s. above). Esp. of the universe as created by God (Epict 4, 7, 6 ὁ θεὸς πάντα πεποίηκεν, τὰ ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ καὶ αὐτὸν τὸν κόσμον ὅλον; Wsd 9:9; 2 Macc 7:23 ὁ τοῦ κ. κτίστης; 4 Macc 5:25; Just., A I, 59, 1 al.; Ath. 8, 2 al.) ὁ ποιήσας τὸν κ. who has made the world Ac 17:24. ὁ κτίστης τοῦ σύμπαντος κ. 1 Cl 19:2; ὁ κτίσας τὸν κ. Hv 1, 3, 4; cp. m 12, 4, 2. ὁ τοῦ παντὸς κ. κυριεύων B 21:5. οὐδʼ εἶναι τὸν κόσμον θεοῦ ἀλλὰ ἀγγέλων AcPlCor 1:15. Christ is called παντὸς τοῦ κ. κύριος 5:5; and the κ. owes its origin to his agency J 1:10b. The world was created for the sake of the church Hv 2, 4, 1.—The universe, as the greatest space conceivable, is not able to contain someth. (Philo, Ebr. 32) J 21:25.
    ④ the sum total of all beings above the level of the animals, the world, as θέατρον ἐγενήθημεν (i.e. οἱ ἀπόστολοι) τῷ κόσμῳ καὶ ἀγγέλοις καὶ ἀνθρώποις 1 Cor 4:9. Here the world is divided into angels and humans (cp. the Stoic definition of the κόσμος in Stob., Ecl. I p. 184, 8 τὸ ἐκ θεῶν καὶ ἀνθρώπων σύστημα; likew. Epict 1, 9, 4.—Acc. to Ocellus Luc. 37, end, the κ. consists of the sphere of the divine beyond the moon and the sphere of the earthly on this side of the moon).
    ⑤ planet earth as a place of inhabitation, the world (SIG 814, 31 [67 A.D.] Nero, ὁ τοῦ παντὸς κόσμου κύριος; the meaning of the birthday of Augustus for the world OGI 458, 40 [=IPriene 105]; 2 Macc 3:12; Jos., Ant. 9, 241; 10, 205; Orig., C. Cels. 4, 68)
    ⓐ gener. Mk 16:15. τὰς βασιλείας τοῦ κ. Mt 4:8; ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ κ. 26:13. Cp. 13:38 (cp. Hs 5, 5, 2); Mk 14:9; Hs 9, 25, 2. τὸ φῶς τοῦ κ. τούτου the light of this world (the sun) J 11:9. In rhetorical exaggeration ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν καταγγέλλεται ἐν ὅλῳ τ. κόσμῳ Ro 1:8 (cp. the Egypt. grave ins APF 5, 1913, 169 no. 24, 8 ὧν ἡ σωφροσύνη κατὰ τὸν κ. λελάληται). Abraham as κληρονόμος κόσμου heir of the world 4:13.—Cp. 1 Cor 14:10; Col 1:6. ἡ ἐν τῷ κ. ἀδελφότης the brotherhood in the (whole) world 1 Pt 5:9. ἐγένετο ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ κ. τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν our Lord has assumed the sovereignty of the world Rv 11:15. τὰ ἔθνη τοῦ κ. (not LXX, but prob. rabbinic אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם=humankind apart fr. Israel; Billerb. II 191; Dalman, Worte 144f) the unconverted in the world Lk 12:30. In this line of development, κόσμος alone serves to designate the polytheistic unconverted world Ro 11:12, 15.—Other worlds (lands) beyond the ocean 1 Cl 20:8.—Many of these pass. bear the connotation of
    ⓑ the world as the habitation of humanity (as SibOr 1, 160). So also Hs 9, 17, 1f. εἰσέρχεσθαι εἰς τὸν κ. of entrance into the world by being born 1 Cl 38:3. ἐκ τοῦ κ. ἐξελθεῖν leave this present world (Philo, Leg. All. 3, 5 ἔξω τ. κόσμου φεύγειν; s. ἐξέρχομαι 5; cp. Hippol., Ref. 5, 16, 7) 1 Cor 5:10b; 2 Cl 8:3. γεννηθῆναι εἰς τὸν κ. be born into the world J 16:21. ἕως ἐσμὲν ἐν τούτῳ τῷ κ. 2 Cl 8:2. οὐδὲν εἰσφέρειν εἰς τὸν κ. (Philo, Spec. Leg. 1, 294 τὸν μηδὲν εἰς τὸν κόσμον εἰσενηνοχότα) 1 Ti 6:7 (Pol 4:1). πολλοὶ πλάνοι ἐξῆλθον εἰς τὸν κ. 2J 7.—ἐν τῷ κόσμω τούτῳ J 12:25 (κ. need not here be understood as an entity hostile to God, but the transition to the nuance in 7b, below, is signalled by the term that follows: ζωὴν αἰώνιον). ἵνα εἰς κόσμον προέλθῃ AcPlCor 2:6.
    ⓒ earth, world in contrast to heaven (Dio Chrys. 19 [36], 59; Iren., 1, 4, 2 [Harv. I 35, 5]; Orig., C. Cels. 8, 15, 24) ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ τούτῳ 2 Cl 19:3.—Esp. when mention is made of the preexistent Christ, who came fr. another world into the κόσμος. So, above all, in John (Bultmann, index I κόσμος) ἔρχεσθαι εἰς τὸν κ. (τοῦτον) J 6:14; 9:39; 11:27; 16:28a; 18:37; specif. also come into the world as light 12:46; cp. 1:9; 3:19. Sending of Jesus into the world 3:17a; 10:36; 17:18; 1J 4:9. His εἶναι ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ J 1:10a; 9:5a; 17:12 v.l. Leaving the world and returning to the Father 13:1a; 16:28b. Cp. 14:19; 17:11a. His kingship is not ἐκ τοῦ κ. τούτου of this world i.e. not derived from the world or conditioned by its terms and evaluations 18:36ab.—Also Χρ. Ἰησοῦς ἦλθεν εἰς τ. κόσμον 1 Ti 1:15; cp. ἐπιστεύθη ἐν κόσμῳ (opp. ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ) 3:16.—εἰσερχόμενος εἰς τὸν κ. Hb 10:5.
    ⓓ the world outside in contrast to one’s home PtK 3 p. 15, 13; 19.
    ⑥ humanity in general, the world (TestAbr B 8 p. 113, 11 [Stone p. 74]; ApcEsdr 3:6 p. 27, 14; SibOr 1, 189; Just., A I, 39, 3 al.)
    ⓐ gener. οὐαὶ τῷ κ. ἀπὸ τῶν σκανδάλων woe to humankind because of the things that cause people to sin Mt 18:7; τὸ φῶς τοῦ κ. the light for humanity 5:14; cp. J 8:12; 9:5. ὁ σωτὴρ τοῦ κ. 4:42; 1J 4:14 (this designation is found in inscriptions, esp. oft. of Hadrian [WWeber, Untersuchungen z. Geschichte des Kaisers Hadrianus 1907, 225; 226; 229]).—J 1:29; 3:17b; 17:6.—κρίνειν τὸν κ. (SibOr 4, 184; TestAbr A 13 p. 92, 11 [Stone p. 32]; ApcMos 37) of God, Christ J 12:47a; Ro 3:6; B 4:12; cp. Ro 3:19. Of believers 1 Cor 6:2ab (cp. Sallust. 21 p. 36, 13 the souls of the virtuous, together w. the gods, will rule the whole κόσμος). Of Noah διʼ ἧς (sc. πίστεως) κατέκρινεν τὸν κ. Hb 11:7. ἡ ἁμαρτία εἰς τὸν κ. εἰσῆλθεν Ro 5:12; likew. θάνατος εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν κ. 1 Cl 3:4 (Wsd 2:24; 14:14). Cp. Ro 5:13; 1 Cor 1:27f. περικαθάρματα τοῦ κ. the refuse of humanity 4:13. Of persons before conversion ἄθεοι ἐν τῷ κ. Eph 2:12.—2 Cor 1:12; 5:19; Js 2:5; 1J 2:2; 4:1, 3. ἀρχαῖος κόσμος the people of the ancient world 2 Pt 2:5a; cp. vs. 5b; 3:6. Of pers. of exceptional merit: ὧν οὐκ ἦν ἄξιος ὁ κ. of whom the world was not worthy Hb 11:38.—ὅλος ὁ κ. all the world, everybody Ac 2:47 D; 1 Cl 5:7; cp. ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ κ. 59:2; εἰς ὅλον τὸν κ. Hs 8, 3, 2. Likew. ὁ κόσμος (cp. Philo, De Prov. in Eus., PE 8, 14, 58) ὁ κ. ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ ἀπῆλθεν J 12:19. ταῦτα λαλῶ εἰς τὸν κ. 8:26; ἐν τῷ κ. 17:13; ἐγὼ παρρησίᾳ λελάληκα τῷ κ. 18:20; cp. 7:4; 14:22. ἵνα γνῷ ὁ κ. 14:31; cp. 17:23; ἵνα ὁ κ. πιστεύῃ 17:21.
    ⓑ of all humanity, but especially of believers, as the object of God’s love J 3:16, 17c; 6:33, 51; 12:47b.
    ⑦ the system of human existence in its many aspects, the world
    ⓐ as scene of earthly joys, possessions, cares, sufferings (cp. 4 Macc 8:23) τὸν κ. ὅλον κερδῆσαι gain the whole world Mt 16:26; Mk 8:36; Lk 9:25; 2 Cl 6:2 (cp. Procop. Soph., Ep. 137 the whole οἰκουμένη is an unimportant possession compared to ἀρετή). τὰ τερπνὰ τοῦ κ. the delightful things in the world IRo 6:1. οἱ χρώμενοι τὸν κ. ὡς μὴ καταχρώμενοι those who use the world as though they had no use of it or those who deal with the world as having made no deals with it 1 Cor 7:31a. ἔχειν τὸν βίον τοῦ κ. possess worldly goods 1J 3:17. τὰ τοῦ κόσμου the affairs of the world 1 Cor 7:33f; cp. 1J 2:15f. The latter pass. forms an easy transition to the large number of exprs. (esp. in Paul and John) in which
    ⓑ the world, and everything that belongs to it, appears as that which is hostile to God, i.e. lost in sin, wholly at odds w. anything divine, ruined and depraved (Herm. Wr. 6, 4 [the κόσμος is τὸ πλήρωμα τῆς κακίας]; 13, 1 [ἡ τοῦ κ. ἀπάτη], in Stob. p. 428, 24 Sc.; En 48:7; TestIss 4:6; AscIs 3:25; Hdb., exc. on J 1:10; Bultmann ad loc.—cp. Sotades Maronita [III B.C.] 11 Diehl: the κόσμος is unjust and hostile to great men) IMg 5:2; IRo 2:2. ὁ κόσμος οὗτος this world (in contrast to the heavenly realm) J 8:23; 12:25, 31a; 13:1; 16:11; 18:36; 1J 4:17; 1 Cor 3:19; 5:10a; 7:31b; Hv 4, 3, 2ff; D 10:6; 2 Cl 5:1, 5; (opp. ὁ ἅγιος αἰών) B 10:11. ‘This world’ is ruled by the ἄρχων τοῦ κ. τούτου the prince of this world, the devil J 12:31b; 16:11; without τούτου 14:30. Cp. ὁ κ. ὅλος ἐν τῷ πονηρῷ κεῖται the whole world lies in the power of the evil one 1J 5:19; cp. 4:4; also ὁ αἰὼν τοῦ κ. τούτου Eph 2:2 (s. αἰών 4).—Christians must have nothing to do with this world of sin and separation fr. God: instead of desiring it IRo 7:1, one is to ἄσπιλον ἑαυτὸν τηρεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ κ. keep oneself untainted by the world Js 1:27. ἀποφεύγειν τὰ μιάσματα τοῦ κ. 2 Pt 2:20; cp. 1:4 (s. ἀποφεύγω 1).—Pol 5:3. ἡ φιλία τοῦ κ. ἔχθρα τ. θεοῦ ἐστιν Js 4:4a; cp. vs. 4b. When such an attitude is taken Christians are naturally hated by the world IRo 3:3; J 15:18, 19ad; 17:14a; 1J 3:13, as their Lord was hated J 7:7; 15:18; cp. 1:10c; 14:17; 16:20.—Also in Paul: God and world in opposition τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ κ. and τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἐκ θεοῦ the spirit of the world and the spirit that comes fr. God 1 Cor 2:12; σοφία τοῦ κ. and σοφία τοῦ θεοῦ 1:20f. ἡ κατὰ θεὸν λύπη and ἡ τοῦ κ. λύπη godly grief and worldly grief 2 Cor 7:10. The world is condemned by God 1 Cor 11:32; yet also the object of the divine plan of salvation 2 Cor 5:19; cp. 1 Cl 7:4; 9:4. A Christian is dead as far as this world is concerned: διʼ οὗ (i.e. Ἰ. Χρ.) ἐμοὶ κ. ἐσταύρωται κἀγὼ κόσμῳ through Christ the world has been crucified for me, and I have been (crucified) to the world Gal 6:14; cp. the question τί ὡς ζῶντες ἐν κ. δογματίζεσθε; Col 2:20b. For στοιχεῖα τοῦ κ. Gal 4:3; Col 2:8, 20a s. στοιχεῖον.—The use of κ. in this sense is even further developed in John. The κ. stands in opposition to God 1J 2:15f and hence is incapable of knowing God J 17:25; cp. 1J 4:5, and excluded fr. Christ’s intercession J 17:9; its views refuted by the Paraclete 16:8. Neither Christ himself 17:14c, 16b; 14:27, nor his own 15:19b; 17:14b, 16a; 1J 3:1 belong in any way to the ‘world’. Rather Christ has chosen them ‘out of the world’ J 15:19c, even though for the present they must still live ‘in the world’ 17:11b; cp. 13:1b; 17:15, 18b. All the trouble that they must undergo because of this, 16:33a, means nothing compared w. the victorious conviction that Christ (and the believers w. him) has overcome ‘the world’ vs. 33b; 1J 5:4f, and that it is doomed to pass away 2:17 (TestJob 33:4; Kephal. I 154, 21: the κόσμος τῆς σαρκός will pass away).
    ⑧ collective aspect of an entity, totality, sum total (SIG 850, 10 τὸν κόσμον τῶν ἔργων (but s. 1 above); Pr 17:6a) ὁ κ. τῆς ἀδικίας ἡ γλῶσσα καθίσταται the tongue becomes (or proves to be) the sum total of iniquity Js 3:6 (so, approx., Meinertz; FHauck.—MDibelius, Windisch and ASchlatter find mng. 7b here, whereas ACarr, Exp. 7th ser., 8, 1909, 318ff thinks of mng. 1). Χρ. τὸν ὑπὲρ τῆς τοῦ παντὸς κόσμου τῶν σῳζομένων σωτηρίας παθόντα Christ, who suffered or died (s. πάσχω 3aα) for the salvation of the sum total of those who are saved MPol 17:2.—FBytomski, D. genet. Entwicklung des Begriffes κόσμος in d. Hl. Schrift: Jahrb. für Philos. und spekul. Theol. 25, 1911, 180–201; 389–413 (only the OT); CSchneider, Pls u. d. Welt: Αγγελος IV ’32, 11–47; EvSchrenck, Der Kosmos-Begriff bei Joh.: Mitteilungen u. Nachrichten f. d. evang. Kirche in Russland 51, 1895, 1–29; RLöwe, Kosmos u. Aion ’35; RBultmann, D. Verständnis v. Welt u. Mensch im NT u. im Griechentum: ThBl 19, ’40, 1–14; GBornkamm, Christus u. die Welt in der urchr. Botschaft: ZTK 47, ’50, 212–26; ALesky, Kosmos ’63; RVölkl, Christ u. Welt nach dem NT ’61; GJohnston, οἰκουμένη and κ. in the NT: NTS 10, ’64, 352–60; NCassem, ibid. 19, ’72/73, 81–91; RBratcher, BT 31, ’80, 430–34.—B. 13; 440. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > κόσμος

  • 19 ὁ

    ὁ, ἡ, τό pl. οἱ, αἱ, τά article, derived fr. a demonstrative pronoun, ‘the’. Since the treatment of the inclusion and omission of the art. belongs to the field of grammar, the lexicon can limit itself to exhibiting the main features of its usage. It is difficult to set hard and fast rules for the employment of the art., since the writer’s style had special freedom of play here—Kühner-G. I p. 589ff; B-D-F §249–76; Mlt. 80–84; Rob. 754–96; W-S. §17ff; Rdm.2 112–18; Abel §28–32; HKallenberg, RhM 69, 1914, 642ff; FVölker, Syntax d. griech. Papyri I, Der Artikel, Progr. d. Realgymn. Münster 1903; FEakin, AJP 37, 1916, 333ff; CMiller, ibid. 341ff; EColwell, JBL 52, ’33, 12–21 (for a critique s. Mlt-H.-Turner III 183f); ASvensson, D. Gebr. des bestimmten Art. in d. nachklass. Epik ’37; RFink, The Syntax of the Greek Article ’53; JRoberts, Exegetical Helps, The Greek Noun with and without the Article: Restoration Qtly 14, ’71, 28–44; HTeeple, The Greek Article with Personal Names in the Synoptic Gospels: NTS 19, ’73, 302–17; Mussies 186–97.
    ① this one, that one, the art. funct. as demonstrative pronoun
    ⓐ in accordance w. epic usage (Hes., Works 450: ἡ=this [voice]) in the quot. fr. Arat., Phaenom. 5 τοῦ γὰρ καὶ γένος ἐσμέν for we are also his (lit. this One’s) offspring Ac 17:28.
    ⓑ ὁ μὲν … ὁ δέ the one … the other (Polyaenus 6, 2, 1 ὁ μὲν … ὁ δὲ … ὁ δε; PSI 512, 21 [253 B.C.]); pl. οἱ μὲν … οἱ δέ (PSI 341, 9 [256 B.C.]; TestJob 29:1) some … others w. ref. to a noun preceding: ἐσχίσθη τὸ πλῆθος … οἱ μὲν ἦσαν σὺν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις, οἱ δὲ σὺν τοῖς ἀποστόλοις Ac 14:4; 17:32; 28:24; 1 Cor 7:7; Gal 4:23; Phil 1:16f. Also without such a relationship expressed τοὺς μὲν ἀποστόλους, τοὺς δὲ προφήτας, τοὺς δὲ εὐαγγελιστάς Eph 4:11. οἱ μὲν … ὁ δέ Hb 7:5f, 20f. οἱ μὲν … ἄλλοι (δέ) J 7:12. οἱ μὲν … ἄλλοι δὲ … ἕτεροι δέ Mt 16:14. τινὲς … οἱ δέ Ac 17:18 (cp. Pla., Leg. 1, 627a; 2, 658 B.; Aelian, VH 2, 34; Palaeph. 6, 5).—Mt 26:67; 28:17 οἱ δέ introduces a second class; just before this, instead of the first class, the whole group is mentioned (cp. X., Hell. 1, 2, 14, Cyr. 3, 2, 12; KMcKay, JSNT 24, ’85, 71f)= but some (as Arrian, Anab. 5, 2, 7; 5, 14, 4; Lucian, Tim. 4 p. 107; Hesych. Miles. [VI A.D.]: 390 Fgm. 1, 35 end Jac.).
    ⓒ To indicate the progress of the narrative, ὁ δέ, οἱ δέ but he, but they (lit. this one, they) is also used without ὁ μέν preceding (likew. Il. 1, 43; Pla., X.; also Clearchus, Fgm. 76b τὸν δὲ εἰπεῖν=but this man said; pap examples in Mayser II/1, 1926, 57f) e.g. Mt 2:9, 14; 4:4; 9:31; Mk 14:31 (cp. Just., A II, 2, 3). ὁ μὲν οὖν Ac 23:18; 28:5. οἱ μὲν οὖν 1:6; 5:41; 15:3, 30.—JO’Rourke, Paul’s Use of the Art. as a Pronoun, CBQ 34, ’72, 59–65.
    ② the, funct. to define or limit an entity, event, or state
    ⓐ w. nouns
    α. w. appellatives, or common nouns, where, as in Pla., Thu., Demosth. et al., the art. has double significance, specific or individualizing, and generic.
    א. In its individualizing use it focuses attention on a single thing or single concept, as already known or otherwise more definitely limited: things and pers. that are unique in kind: ὁ ἥλιος, ἡ σελήνη, ὁ οὐρανός, ἡ γῆ, ἡ θάλασσα, ὁ κόσμος, ἡ κτίσις, ὁ θεός (BWeiss [s. on θεός, beg.]), ὁ διάβολος, ὁ λόγος (J 1:1, 14), τὸ φῶς, ἡ σκοτία, ἡ ζωή, ὁ θάνατος etc. (but somet. the art. is omitted, esp. when nouns are used w. preps.; B-D-F §253, 1–4; Rob. 791f; Mlt-Turner 171). ἐν συναγωγῇ καὶ ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ J 18:20.—Virtues, vices, etc. (contrary to Engl. usage): ἡ ἀγάπη, ἡ ἀλήθεια, ἡ ἁμαρτία, ἡ δικαιοσύνη, ἡ σοφία et al.—The individualizing art. stands before a common noun that was previously mentioned (without the art.): τοὺς πέντε ἄρτους Lk 9:16 (after πέντε ἄρτοι vs. 13). τὸ βιβλίον 4:17b (after βιβλίον, vs. 17a), τοὺς μάγους Mt 2:7 (after μάγοι, vs. 1). J 4:43 (40); 12:6 (5); 20:1 (19:41); Ac 9:17 (11); Js 2:3 (2); Rv 15:6 (1).—The individ. art. also stands before a common noun which, in a given situation, is given special attention as the only or obvious one of its kind (Hipponax [VI B.C.] 13, 2 West=D.3 16 ὁ παῖς the [attending] slave; Diod S 18, 29, 2 ὁ ἀδελφός=his brother; Artem. 4, 71 p. 245, 19 ἡ γυνή=your wife; ApcEsdr 6:12 p. 31, 17 μετὰ Μωσῆ … ἐν τῷ ὄρει [Sinai]; Demetr. (?): 722 fgm 7 Jac. [in Eus., PE 9, 19, 4] ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρος [Moriah]) τῷ ὑπηρέτῃ to the attendant (who took care of the synagogue) Lk 4:20. εἰς τὸν νιπτῆρα into the basin (that was there for the purpose) J 13:5. ἰδοὺ ὁ ἄνθρωπο here is this (wretched) man 19:5. ἐκ τῆς παιδίσκης or ἐλευθέρας by the (well-known) slave woman or the free woman (Hagar and Sarah) Gal 4:22f. τὸν σῖτον Ac 27:38. ἐν τῇ ἐπιστολῇ 1 Cor 5:9 (s. ἐπιστολή) τὸ ὄρος the mountain (nearby) Mt 5:1; 8:1; 14:23; Mk 3:13; 6:46; Lk 6:12; 9:28 al.; ἡ πεισμονή this (kind of) persuasion Gal 5:8. ἡ μαρτυρία the (required) witness or testimony J 5:36.—The art. takes on the idea of κατʼ ἐξοχήν ‘par excellence’ (Porphyr., Abst. 24, 7 ὁ Αἰγύπτιος) ὁ ἐρχόμενος the one who is (was) to come or the coming one par excellence=The Messiah Mt 11:3; Lk 7:19. ὁ προφήτης J 1:21, 25; 7:40. ὁ διδάσκαλος τ. Ἰσραήλ 3:10 (Ps.-Clem., Hom. 5, 18 of Socrates: ὁ τῆς Ἑλλάδος διδάσκαλος); cp. MPol 12:2. With things (Stephan. Byz. s.v. Μάρπησσα: οἱ λίθοι=the famous stones [of the Parian Marble]) ἡ κρίσις the (last) judgment Mt 12:41. ἡ ἡμέρα the day of decision 1 Cor 3:13; (cp. Mi 4:6 Mt); Hb 10:25. ἡ σωτηρία (our) salvation at the consummation of the age Ro 13:11.
    ב. In its generic use it singles out an individual who is typical of a class, rather than the class itself: ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος Mt 12:35. κοινοῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον 15:11. ὥσπερ ὁ ἐθνικός 18:17. ὁ ἐργάτης Lk 10:7. ἐγίνωσκεν τί ἦν ἐν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ J 2:25. τὰ σημεῖα τοῦ ἀποστόλου 2 Cor 12:12. ὁ κληρονόμος Gal 4:1. So also in parables and allegories: ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης Mt 24:43. Cp. J 10:11b, 12. The generic art. in Gk. is often rendered in Engl. by the indef. art. or omitted entirely.
    β. The use of the art. w. personal names is varied; as a general rule the presence of the art. w. a personal name indicates that the pers. is known; without the art. focus is on the name as such (s. Dssm., BPhW 22, 1902, 1467f; BWeiss, D. Gebr. des Art. b. d. Eigennamen [im NT]: StKr 86, 1913, 349–89). Nevertheless, there is an unmistakable drift in the direction of Mod. Gk. usage, in which every proper name has the art. (B-D-F §260; Rob. 759–61; Mlt-Turner 165f). The ms. tradition varies considerably. In the gospels the art. is usu. found w. Ἰησοῦς; yet it is commonly absent when Ἰ. is accompanied by an appositive that has the art. Ἰ. ὁ Γαλιλαῖος Mt 26:69; Ἰ. ὁ Ναζωραῖος vs. 71; Ἰ. ὁ λεγόμενος Χριστός 27:17, 22. Sim. Μαριὰμ ἡ μήτηρ τοῦ Ἰ. Ac 1:14. The art. somet. stands before oblique cases of indecl. proper names, apparently to indicate their case (B-D-F §260, 2; Rob. 760). But here, too, there is no hard and fast rule.—HTeeple, NTS 19, ’73, 302–17 (synopt.).
    γ. The art. is customarily found w. the names of countries (B-D-F §261, 4; W-S. § 18, 5 d; Rob. 759f); less freq. w. names of cities (B-D-F §261, 1; 2; Rob. 760; Mlt-Turner 170–72). W. Ἰερουσαλήμ, Ἱεροσόλυμα it is usu. absent (s. Ἱεροσόλυμα); it is only when this name has modifiers that it must have the art. ἡ νῦν Ἰ. Gal 4:25; ἡ ἄνω Ἰ. vs. 26; ἡ καινὴ Ἰ. Rv 3:12. But even in this case it lacks the art. when the modifier follows: Hb 12:22.—Names of rivers have the art. ὁ Ἰορδάνης, ὁ Εὐφράτης, ὁ Τίβερις Hv 1, 1, 2 (B-D-F §261, 8; Rob. 760; Mlt-Turner 172). Likew. names of seas ὁ Ἀδρίας Ac 27:27.
    δ. The art. comes before nouns that are accompanied by the gen. of a pronoun (μοῦ, σοῦ, ἡμῶν, ὑμῶν, αὐτοῦ, ἑαυτοῦ, αὐτῶν) Mt 1:21, 25; 5:45; 6:10–12; 12:49; Mk 9:17; Lk 6:27; 10:7; 16:6; Ro 4:19; 6:6 and very oft. (only rarely is it absent: Mt 19:28; Lk 1:72; 2:32; 2 Cor 8:23; Js 5:20 al.).
    ε. When accompanied by the possessive pronouns ἐμός, σός, ἡμέτερος, ὑμέτερος the noun always has the art., and the pron. stands mostly betw. art. and noun: Mt 18:20; Mk 8:38; Lk 9:26; Ac 26:5; Ro 3:7 and oft. But only rarely so in John: J 4:42; 5:47; 7:16. He prefers to repeat the article w. the possessive following the noun ἡ κρίσις ἡ ἐμή J 5:30; cp. 7:6; 17:17; 1J 1:3 al.
    ζ. Adjectives (or participles), when they modify nouns that have the art., also come either betw. the art. and noun: ἡ ἀγαθὴ μερίς Lk 10:42; τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα 12:10; Ac 1:8; ἡ δικαία κρίσις J 7:24 and oft., or after the noun w. the art. repeated τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον Mk 3:29; J 14:26; Ac 1:16; Hb 3:7; 9:8; 10:15. ἡ ζωὴ ἡ αἰώνιος 1J 1:2; 2:25. τὴν πύλην τὴν σιδηρᾶν Ac 12:10. Only rarely does an adj. without the art. stand before a noun that has an art. (s. B-D-F §270, 1; Rob. 777; Mlt-Turner 185f): ἀκατακαλύπτῳ τῇ κεφαλῇ 1 Cor 11:5. εἶπεν μεγάλῃ τῇ φωνῇ Ac 14:10 v.l.; cp. 26:24. κοιναῖς ταῖς χερσίν Mk 7:5 D.—Double modifier τὸ πῦρ τὸ αἰώνιον τὸ ἡτοιμασμένον τῷ διαβόλῳ Mt 25:41. τὸ θυσιαστήριον τὸ χρυσοῦν τὸ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου Rv 8:3; 9:13. ἡ πόρνη ἡ μεγάλη ἡ καθημένη 17:1.—Mk 5:36 τὸν λόγον λαλούμενον is prob. a wrong rdg. (B has τὸν λαλ., D τοῦτον τὸν λ. without λαλούμενον).—On the art. w. ὅλος, πᾶς, πολύς s. the words in question.
    η. As in the case of the poss. pron. (ε) and adj. (ζ), so it is w. other expressions that can modify a noun: ἡ κατʼ ἐκλογὴν πρόθεσις Ro 9:11. ἡ παρʼ ἐμοῦ διαθήκη 11:27. ὁ λόγος ὁ τοῦ σταυροῦ 1 Cor 1:18. ἡ ἐντολὴ ἡ εἰς ζωήν Ro 7:10. ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν ἡ πρὸς τὸν θεόν 1 Th 1:8. ἡ διακονία ἡ εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους 2 Cor 8:4.
    θ. The art. precedes the noun when a demonstrative pron. (ὅδε, οὗτος, ἐκεῖνος) belonging with it comes before or after; e.g.: οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρωπος Lk 14:30; J 9:24. οὗτος ὁ λαός Mk 7:6. οὗτος ὁ υἱός μου Lk 15:24. οὗτος ὁ τελώνης 18:11 and oft. ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος Mk 14:71; Lk 2:25; 23:4, 14, 47. ὁ λαὸς οὗτος Mt 15:8. ὁ υἱός σου οὗτος Lk 15:30 and oft.—ἐκείνη ἡ ἡμέρα Mt 7:22; 22:46. ἐκ. ἡ ὥρα 10:19; 18:1; 26:55. ἐκ. ὁ καιρός 11:25; 12:1; 14:1. ἐκ. ὁ πλάνος 27:63 and oft. ἡ οἰκία ἐκείνη Mt 7:25, 27. ἡ ὥρα ἐκ. 8:13; 9:22; ἡ γῆ ἐκ. 9:26, 31; ἡ ἡμέρα ἐκ. 13:1. ὁ ἀγρὸς ἐκ. vs. 44 and oft.—ὁ αὐτός s. αὐτός 3b.
    ι. An art. before a nom. noun makes it a vocative (as early as Hom.; s. KBrugman4-AThumb, Griech. Gramm. 1913, 431; Schwyzer II 63f; B-D-F §147; Rob. 769. On the LXX Johannessohn, Kasus 14f.—ParJer 1:1 Ἰερεμία ὁ ἐκλεκτός μου; 7:2 χαῖρε Βαρούχι ὁ οἰκονόμος τῆς πίστεως) ναί, ὁ πατήρ Mt 11:26. τὸ κοράσιον, ἔγειρε Mk 5:41. Cp. Mt 7:23; 27:29 v.l.; Lk 8:54; 11:39; 18:11, 13 (Goodsp, Probs. 85–87); J 19:3 and oft.
    ⓑ Adjectives become substantives by the addition of the art.
    α. ὁ πονηρός Eph 6:16. οἱ σοφοί 1 Cor 1:27. οἱ ἅγιοι, οἱ πλούσιοι, οἱ πολλοί al. Likew. the neut. τὸ κρυπτόν Mt 6:4. τὸ ἅγιον 7:6. τὸ μέσον Mk 3:3. τὸ θνητόν 2 Cor 5:4. τὰ ἀδύνατα Lk 18:27. τὸ ἔλαττον Hb 7:7. Also w. gen. foll. τὰ ἀγαθά σου Lk 16:25. τὸ μωρόν, τὸ ἀσθενὲς τοῦ θεοῦ 1 Cor 1:25; cp. vs. 27f. τὸ γνωστὸν τοῦ θεοῦ Ro 1:19. τὰ ἀόρατα τοῦ θεοῦ vs. 20. τὸ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου 8:3. τὰ κρυπτὰ τῆς αἰσχύνης 2 Cor 4:2.
    β. Adj. attributes whose noun is customarily omitted come to have substantive force and therefore receive the art. (B-D-F §241; Rob. 652–54) ἡ περίχωρος Mt 3:5; ἡ ξηρά 23:15 (i.e. γῆ). ἡ ἀριστερά, ἡ δεξιά (sc. χείρ) 6:3. ἡ ἐπιοῦσα (sc. ἡμέρα) Ac 16:11. ἡ ἔρημος (sc. χώρα) Mt 11:7.
    γ. The neut. of the adj. w. the art. can take on the mng. of an abstract noun (Thu. 1, 36, 1 τὸ δεδιός=fear; Herodian 1, 6, 9; 1, 11, 5 τὸ σεμνὸν τῆς παρθένου; M. Ant. 1, 1; Just., D. 27, 2 διὰ τὸ σκληροκάρδιον ὑμῶν καὶ ἀχάριστον εἰς αὐτόν) τὸ χρηστὸν τοῦ θεοῦ God’s kindness Ro 2:4. τὸ δυνατόν power 9:22. τὸ σύμφορον benefit 1 Cor 7:35. τὸ γνήσιον genuineness 2 Cor 8:8. τὸ ἐπιεικές Phil 4:5 al.
    δ. The art. w. numerals indicates, as in Il. 5, 271f; X. et al. (HKallenberg, RhM 69, 1914, 662ff), that a part of a number already known is being mentioned (Diod S 18, 10, 2 τρεῖς μὲν φυλὰς … τὰς δὲ ἑπτά=‘but the seven others’; Plut., Cleom. 804 [8, 4] οἱ τέσσαρες=‘the other four’; Polyaenus 6, 5 οἱ τρεῖς=‘the remaining three’; Diog. L. 1, 82 Βίας προκεκριμένος τῶν ἑπτά=Bias was preferred before the others of the seven [wise men]. B-D-F §265): οἱ ἐννέα the other nine Lk 17:17. Cp. 15:4; Mt 18:12f. οἱ δέκα the other ten (disciples) 20:24; Mk 10:41; lepers Lk 17:17. οἱ πέντε … ὁ εἷς … ὁ ἄλλος five of them … one … the last one Rv 17:10.
    ⓒ The ptc. w. the art. receives
    α. the mng. of a subst. ὁ πειράζων the tempter Mt 4:3; 1 Th 3:5. ὁ βαπτίζων Mk 6:14. ὁ σπείρων Mt 13:3; Lk 8:5. ὁ ὀλεθρεύων Hb 11:28. τὸ ὀφειλόμενον Mt 18:30, 34. τὸ αὐλούμενον 1 Cor 14:7. τὸ λαλούμενον vs. 9 (Just., D. 32, 3 τὸ ζητούμενον). τὰ γινόμενα Lk 9:7. τὰ ἐρχόμενα J 16:13. τὰ ἐξουθενημένα 1 Cor 1:28. τὰ ὑπάρχοντα (s. ὑπάρχω 1). In Engl. usage many of these neuters are transl. by a relative clause, as in β below. B-D-F §413; Rob. 1108f.
    β. the mng. of a relative clause (Ar. 4, 2 al. οἱ νομίζοντες) ὁ δεχόμενος ὑμᾶς whoever receives you Mt 10:40. τῷ τύπτοντί σε Lk 6:29. ὁ ἐμὲ μισῶν J 15:23. οὐδὲ γὰρ ὄνομά ἐστιν ἕτερον τὸ δεδομένον (ὸ̔ δέδοται) Ac 4:12. τινές εἰσιν οἱ ταράσσοντες ὑμᾶς Gal 1:7. Cp. Lk 7:32; 18:9; J 12:12; Col 2:8; 1 Pt 1:7; 2J 7; Jd 4 al. So esp. after πᾶς: πᾶς ὁ ὀργιζόμενος everyone who becomes angry Mt 5:22. πᾶς ὁ κρίνων Ro 2:1 al. After μακάριος Mt 5:4, 6, 10. After οὐαὶ ὑμῖν Lk 6:25.
    ⓓ The inf. w. neut. art. (B-D-F §398ff; Rob. 1062–68) is used in a number of ways.
    α. It stands for a noun (B-D-F §399; Rob. 1062–66) τὸ (ἀνίπτοις χερσὶν) φαγεῖν Mt 15:20. τὸ (ἐκ νεκρῶν) ἀναστῆναι Mk 9:10. τὸ ἀγαπᾶν 12:33; cp. Ro 13:8. τὸ ποιῆσαι, τὸ ἐπιτελέσαι 2 Cor 8:11. τὸ καθίσαι Mt 20:23. τὸ θέλειν Ro 7:18; 2 Cor 8:10.—Freq. used w. preps. ἀντὶ τοῦ, διὰ τό, διὰ τοῦ, ἐκ τοῦ, ἐν τῷ, ἕνεκεν τοῦ, ἕως τοῦ, μετὰ τό, πρὸ τοῦ, πρὸς τό etc.; s. the preps. in question (B-D-F §402–4; Rob. 1068–75).
    β. The gen. of the inf. w. the art., without a prep., is esp. frequent (B-D-F §400; Mlt. 216–18; Rob. 1066–68; DEvans, ClQ 15, 1921, 26ff). The use of this inf. is esp. common in Lk and Paul, less freq. in Mt and Mk, quite rare in other writers. The gen. stands
    א. dependent on words that govern the gen.: ἄξιον 1 Cor 16:4 (s. ἄξιος 1c). ἐξαπορηθῆναι τοῦ ζῆν 2 Cor 1:8. ἔλαχε τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι Lk 1:9 (cp. 1 Km 14:47 v.l. Σαοὺλ ἔλαχεν τοῦ βασιλεύειν).
    ב. dependent on a noun (B-D-F §400, 1; Rob. 1066f) ὁ χρόνος τοῦ τεκεῖν Lk 1:57. ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι τοῦ τεκεῖν αὐτήν 2:6. ἐξουσία τοῦ πατεῖν 10:19. εὐκαιρία τοῦ παραδοῦναι 22:6. ἐλπὶς τοῦ σῴζεσθαι Ac 27:20; τοῦ μετέχειν 1 Cor 9:10. ἐπιποθία τοῦ ἐλθεῖν Ro 15:23. χρείαν ἔχειν τοῦ διδάσκειν Hb 5:12. καιρὸς τοῦ ἄρξασθαι 1 Pt 4:17. τ. ἐνέργειαν τοῦ δύνασθαι the power that enables him Phil 3:21. ἡ προθυμία τοῦ θέλειν zeal in desiring 2 Cor 8:11.
    ג. Somet. the connection w. the noun is very loose, and the transition to the consecutive sense (=result) is unmistakable (B-D-F §400, 2; Rob. 1066f): ἐπλήσθησαν ἡμέραι ὀκτὼ τοῦ περιτεμεῖν αὐτόν Lk 2:21. ὀφειλέται … τοῦ κατὰ σάρκα ζῆν Ro 8:12. εἰς ἀκαθαρσίαν τοῦ ἀτιμάζεσθαι 1:24. ὀφθαλμοὺς τοῦ μὴ βλέπειν 11:8. τὴν ἔκβασιν τοῦ δύνασθαι ὑπενεγκεῖν 1 Cor 10:13.
    ד. Verbs of hindering, ceasing take the inf. w. τοῦ μή (s. Schwyzer II 372 for earlier Gk; PGen 16, 23 [207 A.D.] κωλύοντες τοῦ μὴ σπείρειν; LXX; ParJer 2:5 φύλαξαι τοῦ μὴ σχίσαι τὰ ἱμάτιά σου): καταπαύειν Ac 14:18. κατέχειν Lk 4:42. κρατεῖσθαι 24:16. κωλύειν Ac 10:47. παύειν 1 Pt 3:10 (Ps 33:14). ὑποστέλλεσθαι Ac 20:20, 27. Without μή: ἐγκόπτεσθαι τοῦ ἐλθεῖν Ro 15:22.
    ה. The gen. of the inf. comes after verbs of deciding, exhorting, commanding, etc. (1 Ch 19:19; ParJer 7:37 διδάσκων αὐτοὺ τοῦ ἀπέχεσθαι) ἐγένετο γνώμης Ac 20:3. ἐντέλλεσθαι Lk 4:10 (Ps 90:11). ἐπιστέλλειν Ac 15:20. κατανεύειν Lk 5:7. κρίνειν Ac 27:1. παρακαλεῖν 21:12. προσεύχεσθαι Js 5:17. τὸ πρόσωπον στηρίζειν Lk 9:51. συντίθεσθαι Ac 23:20.
    ו. The inf. w. τοῦ and τοῦ μή plainly has final (=purpose) sense (ParJer 5:2 ἐκάθισεν … τοῦ ἀναπαῆναι ὀλίγον; Soph., Lex. I 45f; B-D-F §400, 5 w. exx. fr. non-bibl. lit. and pap; Rob. 1067): ἐξῆλθεν ὁ σπείρων τοῦ σπείρειν a sower went out to sow Mt 13:3. ζητεῖν τοῦ ἀπολέσαι = ἵνα ἀπολέσῃ 2:13. τοῦ δοῦναι γνῶσιν Lk 1:77. τοῦ κατευθῦναι τοὺς πόδας vs. 79. τοῦ σινιάσαι 22:31. τοῦ μηκέτι δουλεύειν Ro 6:6. τοῦ ποιῆσαι αὐτά Gal 3:10. τοῦ γνῶναι αὐτόν Phil 3:10. Cp. Mt 3:13; 11:1; 24:45; Lk 2:24, 27; 8:5; 24:29; Ac 3:2; 20:30; 26:18; Hb 10:7 (Ps 39:9); 11:5; GJs 2:3f; 24:1.—The apparently solecistic τοῦ πολεμῆσαι Ro 12:7 bears a Semitic tinge, cp. Hos 9:13 et al. (Mussies 96).—The combination can also express
    ז. consecutive mng. (result): οὐδὲ μετεμελήθητε τοῦ πιστεῦσαι αὐτῷ you did not change your minds and believe him Mt 21:32. τοῦ μὴ εἶναι αὐτὴν μοιχαλίδα Ro 7:3. τοῦ ποιεῖν τὰ βρέφη ἔκθετα Ac 7:19. Cp. 3:12; 10:25.
    ⓔ The art. is used w. prepositional expressions (Artem. 4, 33 p. 224, 7 ὁ ἐν Περγάμῳ; 4, 36 ὁ ἐν Μαγνησίᾳ; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010 recto, 8–12] οἱ ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις … οἱ ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσι καὶ μετεώροις; Tat. 31, 2 οἱ μὲν περὶ Κράτητα … οἱ δὲ περὶ Ἐρατοσθένη) τῆς ἐκκλησίας τῆς ἐν Κεγχρεαῖς Ro 16:1. ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις ταῖς ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ Rv 1:4. τῷ ἀγγέλῳ τῆς ἐν (w. place name) ἐκκλησίας 2:1, 8, 12, 18; 3:1, 7, 14 (on these pass. RBorger, TRu 52, ’87, 42–45). τοῖς ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ to those in the house Mt 5:15. πάτερ ἡμῶν ὁ ἐν τ. οὐρανοῖς 6:9. οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰταλίας Hb 13:24. οἱ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ Ro 8:1. οἱ ἐξ ἐριθείας 2:8. οἱ ἐκ νόμου 4:14; cp. vs. 16. οἱ ἐκ τῆς Καίσαρος οἰκίας Phil 4:22. οἱ ἐξ εὐωνύμων Mt 25:41. τὸ θυσιαστήριον … τὸ ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου Rv 8:3; cp. 9:13. On 1:4 s. ref in B-D-F §136, 1 to restoration by Nestle. οἱ παρʼ αὐτοῦ Mk 3:21. οἱ μετʼ αὐτοῦ Mt 12:3. οἱ περὶ αὐτόν Mk 4:10; Lk 22:49 al.—Neut. τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ πλοίου pieces of wreckage fr. the ship Ac 27:44 (difft. FZorell, BZ 9, 1911, 159f). τὰ περί τινος Lk 24:19, 27; Ac 24:10; Phil 1:27 (Tat. 32, 2 τὰ περὶ θεοῦ). τὰ περί τινα 2:23. τὰ κατʼ ἐμέ my circumstances Eph 6:21; Phil 1:12; Col 4:7. τὰ κατὰ τὸν νόμον what (was to be done) according to the law Lk 2:39. τὸ ἐξ ὑμῶν Ro 12:18. τὰ πρὸς τὸν θεόν 15:17; Hb 2:17; 5:1 (X., Resp. Lac. 13, 11 ἱερεῖ τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θεούς, στρατηγῷ δὲ τὰ πρὸς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους). τὰ παρʼ αὐτῶν Lk 10:7. τὸ ἐν ἐμοί the (child) in me GJs 12:2 al.
    ⓕ w. an adv. or adverbial expr. (1 Macc 8:3) τὸ ἔμπροσθεν Lk 19:4. τὸ ἔξωθεν Mt 23:25. τὸ πέραν Mt 8:18, 28. τὰ ἄνω J 8:23; Col 3:1f. τὰ κάτω J 8:23. τὰ ὀπίσω Mk 13:16. τὰ ὧδε matters here Col 4:9. ὁ πλησίον the neighbor Mt 5:43. οἱ καθεξῆς Ac 3:24. τὸ κατὰ σάρκα Ro 9:5. τὸ ἐκ μέρους 1 Cor 13:10.—Esp. w. indications of time τό, τὰ νῦν s. νῦν 2b. τὸ πάλιν 2 Cor 13:2. τὸ λοιπόν 1 Cor 7:29; Phil 3:1. τὸ πρῶτον J 10:40; 12:16; 19:39. τὸ πρότερον 6:62; Gal 4:13. τὸ καθʼ ἡμέραν daily Lk 11:3.—τὸ πλεῖστον at the most 1 Cor 14:27.
    ⓖ The art. w. the gen. foll. denotes a relation of kinship, ownership, or dependence: Ἰάκωβος ὁ τοῦ Ζεβεδαίου Mt 10:2 (Thu. 4, 104 Θουκυδίδης ὁ Ὀλόρου [sc. υἱός]; Plut., Timol. 3, 2; Appian, Syr. 26 §123 Σέλευκος ὁ Ἀντιόχου; Jos., Bell. 5, 5; 11). Μαρία ἡ Ἰακώβου Lk 24:10. ἡ τοῦ Οὐρίου the wife of Uriah Mt 1:6. οἱ Χλόης Chloë’s people 1 Cor 1:11. οἱ Ἀριστοβούλου, οἱ Ναρκίσσου Ro 16:10f. οἱ αὐτοῦ Ac 16:33. οἱ τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 Cor 15:23; Gal 5:24. Καισάρεια ἡ Φιλίππου Caesarea Philippi i.e. the city of Philip Mk 8:27.—τό, τά τινος someone’s things, affairs, circumstances (Thu. 4, 83 τὰ τοῦ Ἀρριβαίου; Parthenius 1, 6; Appian, Syr. 16 §67 τὰ Ῥωμαίων) τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, τῶν ἀνθρώπων Mt 16:23; 22:21; Mk 8:33; cp. 1 Cor 2:11. τὰ τῆς σαρκός, τοῦ πνεύματος Ro 8:5; cp. 14:19; 1 Cor 7:33f; 13:11. τὰ ὑμῶν 2 Cor 12:14. τὰ τῆς ἀσθενείας μου 11:30. τὰ τοῦ νόμου what the law requires Ro 2:14. τὸ τῆς συκῆς what has been done to the fig tree Mt 21:21; cp. 8:33. τὰ ἑαυτῆς its own advantage 1 Cor 13:5; cp. Phil 2:4, 21. τὸ τῆς παροιμίας what the proverb says 2 Pt 2:22 (Pla., Theaet. 183e τὸ τοῦ Ὁμήρου; Menand., Dyscolus 633 τὸ τοῦ λόγου). ἐν τοῖς τοῦ πατρός μου in my Father’s house (so Field, Notes 50–56; Goodsp. Probs. 81–83; difft., ‘interests’, PTemple, CBQ 1, ’39, 342–52.—In contrast to the other synoptists, Luke does not elsewhere show Jesus ‘at home’.) Lk 2:49 (Lysias 12, 12 εἰς τὰ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ; Theocr. 2, 76 τὰ Λύκωνος; pap in Mayser II [1926] p. 8; POxy 523, 3 [II A.D.] an invitation to a dinner ἐν τοῖς Κλαυδίου Σαραπίωνος; PTebt 316 II, 23 [99 A.D.] ἐν τοῖς Ποτάμωνος; Esth 7:9; Job 18:19; Jos., Ant. 16, 302. Of the temple of a god Jos., C. Ap. 1, 118 ἐν τοῖς τοῦ Διός). Mt 20:15 is classified here by WHatch, ATR 26, ’44, 250–53; s. also ἐμός b.
    ⓗ The neut. of the art. stands
    α. before whole sentences or clauses (Epict. 4, 1, 45 τὸ Καίσαρος μὴ εἶναι φίλον; Prov. Aesopi 100 P. τὸ Οὐκ οἶδα; Jos., Ant. 10, 205; Just., D. 33, 2 τὸ γὰρ … [Ps 109:4]) τὸ Οὐ φονεύσεις, οὐ μοιχεύσεις κτλ. (quot. fr. the Decalogue) Mt 19:18; Ro 13:9. τὸ Καὶ μετὰ ἀνόμων ἐλογίσθη (quot. fr. Is 53:12) Lk 22:37. Cp. Gal 5:14. τὸ Εἰ δύνῃ as far as your words ‘If you can’ are concerned Mk 9:23. Likew. before indirect questions (Vett. Val. 291, 14 τὸ πῶς τέτακται; Ael. Aristid. 45, 15 K. τὸ ὅστις ἐστίν; ParJer 6:15 τὸ πῶς ἀποστείλης; GrBar 8:6 τὸ πῶς ἐταπεινώθη; Jos., Ant. 20, 28 ἐπὶ πείρᾳ τοῦ τί φρονοῖεν; Pel.-Leg. p. 20, 32 τὸ τί γένηται; Mel., Fgm. 8, 2 [Goodsp. p. 311] τὸ δὲ πῶς λούονται) τὸ τί ἂν θέλοι καλεῖσθαι αὐτό Lk 1:62. τὸ τίς ἂν εἴη μείζων αὐτῶν 9:46. τὸ πῶς δεῖ ὑμᾶς περιπατεῖν 1 Th 4:1. Cp. Lk 19:48; 22:2, 4, 23f; Ac 4:21; 22:30; Ro 8:26; Hs 8, 1, 4.
    β. before single words which are taken fr. what precedes and hence are quoted, as it were (Epict. 1, 29, 16 τὸ Σωκράτης; 3, 23, 24; Hierocles 13 p. 448 ἐν τῷ μηδείς) τὸ ‘ἀνέβη’ Eph 4:9. τὸ ‘ἔτι ἅπαξ’ Hb 12:27. τὸ ‘Ἁγάρ’ Gal 4:25.
    ⓘ Other notable uses of the art. are
    α. the elliptic use, which leaves a part of a sentence accompanied by the art. to be completed fr. the context: ὁ τὰ δύο the man with the two (talents), i.e. ὁ τὰ δύο τάλαντα λαβών Mt 25:17; cp. vs. 22. τῷ τὸν φόρον Ro 13:7. ὁ τὸ πολύ, ὀλίγον the man who had much, little 2 Cor 8:15 after Ex 16:18 (cp. Lucian, Bis Accus. 9 ὁ τὴν σύριγγα [sc. ἔχων]; Arrian, Anab. 7, 8, 3 τὴν ἐπὶ θανάτῳ [sc. ὁδόν]).
    β. Σαῦλος, ὁ καὶ Παῦλος Ac 13:9; s. καί 2h.
    γ. the fem. art. is found in a quite singular usage ἡ οὐαί (ἡ θλῖψις or ἡ πληγή) Rv 9:12; 11:14. Sim. ὁ Ἀμήν 3:14 (here the masc. art. is evidently chosen because of the alternate name for Jesus).
    ⓙ One art. can refer to several nouns connected by καί
    α. when various words, sing. or pl., are brought close together by a common art.: τοὺς ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ γραμματεῖς Mt 2:4; cp. 16:21; Mk 15:1. ἐν τοῖς προφήταις κ. ψαλμοῖς Lk 24:44. τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ καὶ Σαμαρείᾳ Ac 1:8; cp. 8:1; Lk 5:17 al.—Even nouns of different gender can be united in this way (Aristoph., Eccl. 750; Ps.-Pla., Axioch. 12 p. 37a οἱ δύο θεοί, of Apollo and Artemis; Ps.-Demetr., Eloc. c. 292; PTebt 14, 10 [114 B.C.]; En 18:14; EpArist 109) κατὰ τὰ ἐντάλματα καὶ διδασκαλίας Col 2:22. Cp. Lk 1:6. εἰς τὰς ὁδοὺς καὶ φραγμούς 14:23.
    β. when one and the same person has more than one attribute applied to him: πρὸς τὸν πατέρα μου καὶ πατέρα ὑμῶν J 20:17. ὁ θεὸς καὶ πατὴρ τοῦ κυρίου Ἰ. Ro 15:6; 2 Cor 1:3; 11:31; Eph 1:3; 1 Pt 1:3. ὁ θεὸς καὶ πατὴρ (ἡμῶν) Eph 5:20; Phil 4:20; 1 Th 1:3; 3:11, 13. Of Christ: τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ σωτῆρος 2 Pt 1:11; cp. 2:20; 3:18. τοῦ μεγάλου θεοῦ καὶ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Tit 2:13 (PGrenf II, 15 I, 6 [139 B.C.] of the deified King Ptolemy τοῦ μεγάλου θεοῦ εὐεργέτου καὶ σωτῆρος [ἐπιφανοῦς] εὐχαρίστου).
    γ. On the other hand, the art. is repeated when two different persons are named: ὁ φυτεύων καὶ ὁ ποτίζων 1 Cor 3:8. ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ ὁ ἡγεμών Ac 26:30.
    ⓚ In a fixed expression, when a noun in the gen. is dependent on another noun, the art. customarily appears twice or not at all: τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ θεοῦ 1 Cor 3:16; πνεῦμα θεοῦ Ro 8:9. ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ 2 Cor 2:17; λόγος θεοῦ 1 Th 2:13. ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου 2 Th 2:2; ἡμ. κ. 1 Th 5:2. ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου Mt 8:20; υἱ. ἀ. Hb 2:6. ἡ ἀνάστασις τῶν νεκρῶν Mt 22:31; ἀ. ν. Ac 23:6. ἡ κοιλία τῆς μητρός J 3:4; κ. μ. Mt 19:12.—APerry, JBL 68, ’49, 329–34; MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 93–95.—DELG. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ὁ

  • 20 λέγω

    λέγω =⟩ λέχω (A),
    λέγω (A),
    A lay, [tense] pres. erroneously inferred from λέξομαι, ἔλεκτο, etc.; v. λέχομαι.
    ------------------------------------
    λέγω (B),
    A pick up, etc.: tenses for signf. 1 and 11, [tense] fut.

    λέξω Od.24.224

    : [tense] aor.

    ἔλεξα A.Pers. 292

    :—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. in pass. sense

    λέξομαι E. Alc. 322

    : [tense] aor.

    ἐλεξάμην Il.21.27

     (trans.); [dialect] Ep.

    ἐλέγμην Od.9.335

    ;

    λέκτο 4.451

    :—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor.

    ἐλέχθην Il.3.188

    : also post-Hom. in these senses, but only in compos., esp. with ἀπο-, ἐκ-, κατα-, συν-; post-Hom. [tense] pf. εἴλοχα (κατ-, συν-), [voice] Pass. εἴλεγμαι, in these senses rarely λέλεγμαι (v. the compds.); also [tense] fut. λεγήσομαι ( συλ-): [tense] aor. 2 ἐλέγην (κατ-, συν-):—gather, pick up,

    ὀστέα.. λέγωμεν Il.23.239

    , cf. Od.24. 72, Pi.P.8.53; αἱμασιάς τε λέγων picking out stones for building walls, Od.18.359 (ubi v. Sch., cf.

    λογάς 2

    ), cf. 24.224:—[voice] Med., gather for oneself,

    ἐπὶ δὲ ξύλα πολλὰ λέγεσθε Il.8.507

    ;

    ὀστέα λευκὰ λέγοντο 24.793

    ;

    φάρμακα λέξασθαι A.R.3.807

    .
    2 [voice] Med., choose for oneself, pick out,

    λέξαιτο.. ἄνδρας ἀρίστους Od.24.108

    ;

    κούρους Il.21.27

    :—[voice] Pass., to be chosen,

    εἰ.. λεγοίμεθα πάντες ἄριστοι 13.276

    .
    II count, tell, ἐν δ' ἡμέας λέγε κήτεσιν he counted us among the seals, Od.4.452; and in [tense] aor. [voice] Med., Il.2.125; ἐγὼ πέμπτος μετὰ τοῖσιν ἐλέγμην I reckoned myself.., Od.9.335; λέκτο δ' ἀριθμόν he told him over the number, 4.451:—[voice] Pass., μετὰ τοῖσιν ἐλέχθην I was counted among these, Il.3.188.
    b so, but not freq., after Hom.,

    λ. ποντιᾶν ψάφων ἀριθμόν Pi.O.13.46

    , cf. A.Ag. 570;

    καθ' ἓν ἕκαστον λ. Isoc.2.45

    ; also καὶ σὲ δ' ἐν τούτοις λέγω count you among.., A.Pr. 973; λ. τινὰ οὐδαμοῦ count him as naught, S.Ant. 183; κέρδος λ., εἰ .. count it gain, that.., ib. 462:—[voice] Med., λέξατο πάντας [ναύτας] Pi.P.4.189:—[voice] Pass.,

    λέγεσθαι ἐν τοῖς ἱππικωτάτοις X.Oec.11.20

    ;

    ἐνὶ πρώτῃσι λέγεσθαι Call.Del.16

    : [tense] fut. [voice] Med. in pass. sense,

    ἐν τοῖς οὐκέτ' οὖσι λέξομαι E.

     l.c.
    2 recount, tell over,

    οὔ τι διαπρήξαιμι λέγων ἐμὰ κήδεα Od.14.197

    ;

    σὺ δέ μοι λέγε θέσκελα ἔργα 11.374

    ;

    τὰ ἕκαστα λέγων 12.165

    ; ὅσα τ' αὐτὸς.. ἐμόγησε, πάντ' ἔλεγ' 23.308: so in Trag., λ. τύχας, πάθη, μόχθους, etc., A.Pr. 633, Pers. 292, Ag. 555, etc.; also Ἀγαμέμνονι.. λέγ' ὀνείδεα repeated reproaches against him, Il.2.222; so perh.

    ψεύδεα πολλὰ λ. Hes.Th.27

     (but v. infr. 111):—[voice] Med., τί σε χρὴ ταῦτα λέγεσθαι; why need'st thou tell the tale thereof? Il.13.275; and so, μηκέτι ταῦτα λεγώμεθα νηπύτιοι ὥς ib. 292, cf. Od.3.240, 13.296;

    μηκέτι νῦν δήθ' αὖθι λεγώμεθα Il.2.435

    .
    III say, speak, first in Hes.Th.27 (v. supr.11.2): [tense] fut.

    λέξω Emp.38.1

    , A.Ag. 859, Hdt.4.14, Th.2.48, Antipho 6.33, etc.: [tense] aor.

    ἔλεξα Anacr.45

    , Pl.Sph. 217e, Antipho 1.15 (rare in Pl. and the Orators, common in some dialects, as Boeotian, IG7.504.2 ([place name] Tanagra), Thessalian, ib.9(2).461.21, Ionic, v.l. in Hp.Aër. 12): [tense] pf.

    λέλεχα Gal.16.249

    , λέλεγα and

    λέλογας Hsch.

     ( εἴρηκα in correct writers):—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

    λεχθήσομαι Th.5.86

    , Pl.Ti. 67c, etc.: also [tense] fut. [voice] Med. in pass. sense, S.OC 1186, E.Hec. 906 (lyr.), etc.; and

    λελέξομαι Th.3.53

     (v.l. λέξεται), Pl.R. 457b: [tense] aor. ἐλέχθην (never ἐλέγην in this sense) S.OT 1442, Th.6.32, etc.: [tense] pf.

    λέλεγμαι Pi.N.8.20

    , Hdt.2.21, S.Ph. 389, etc. ( εἴλεγμαι in this sense only in compd. δι-): rare in compds. (only ἀντιλέγω, ἐπιλέγω, καταλέγω, προλέγω), the [tense] pres. in most compds. being supplied by ἀγορεύω, the [tense] fut. by ἐρῶ, the [tense] aor. by εἶπον, the [tense] pf. by εἴρηκα:
    1 say, speak, never in Hom., first in Hes. l.c., freq. from Hdt. and Trag. downwds.; of all kinds of oral communications,

    ἐκέλευε λέγειν εἴ τι θέλοι Hdt.8.58

    ; so λέγοις ἄν speak, say on, Pl.Plt. 268e, etc.;

    λ. μῦθον A.Pers. 698

     (troch.);

    ψευδῆ λ. Id.Ag. 625

    ;

    ἀληθῆ λ. Pl.Phlb. 12b

     (so in [voice] Pass.,

    λόγος λέλεκται πᾶς S.Ph. 389

    ); of oracles, say, declare, Hdt.8.136; ὥσπερ τοὔνομα λέγει indicates, Pl. Prt. 312c: with Preps.,

    λ. ἀμφί τινος A.Th. 1017

    , E.Hec. 580;

    περί τινος Xenoph.34.2

    , Democr.165, S.Aj. 151 (anap.), Th.2.48; ὑπέρ τινος in his defence, S.El. 555, X.HG1.7.16; κατά τινος against him, Thgn.1240a, X.HG1.5.2; λ. ἐπί τισι εὐχὰς ἀγαθάς express good wishes for them, A.Supp. 625 (anap.); λ. τά τινος take his part, D.8.64; λ. πρός τι in reference or in answer to.., S.Ant. 753, etc.;

    εἴς τι X.Mem. 1.5.1

    .
    2 c. acc. et inf., say that.., Pi.P.2.59, etc.: with neg. οὐ, Pl.R. 348c, etc., but μή ib. 346e, X.Smp.4.5 ([voice] Pass.), and usu. in later Gr., LXX Ge.38.22;

    λ. μὴ εἶναι ἀνάστασιν Ev.Matt.22.23

    : freq. also folld. by ὡς, ὅτι (generally so in the [voice] Act. voice) when the subject of the relative clause may become the object of the principal Verb, γυναῖκα λέγουσιν, ὡς κάθηται .. X.Cyr.7.3.5, etc.: rarely c. part., λ. Οἰδίπουν ὀλωλότα speak of him as dead, S.OC 1580;

    λέγουσιν ἡμᾶς ὡς ὀλωλότας A.Ag. 672

    ;

    λέξασ' ἀδελφῷ σ' ἐνθάδ' ὄντα E.Hel. 888

    :—[voice] Pass.,

    λέξεται ἔχων Id.IT 1047

    , cf. A.Ag. 170 (cj.).
    3 λέγειν τινά τι say something of another, esp. κακὰ λ. τινά speak ill of him, revile him, Hdt.8.61;

    ἀγαθὰ λ. τινάς Ar.Ec. 435

    ; τὰ ἔσχατα, τὰ ἀπόρρητα λ. ἀλλήλους, X.Mem.2.2.9, D.18.123; also εὖ or κακῶς λ. τινά, A.Ag. 445 (lyr.), S.El. 524, cf. 1028;

    εὖ λ. τὸν εὖ λέγοντα X.Mem.2.3.8

    .
    4 call by name,

    ἃς τρέμομεν λ. S.OC 128

     (lyr.): c. dupl. acc., call so and so,

    λέγοιμ' ἂν ἄνδρα τόνδε τῶν σταθμῶν κύνα A.Ag. 896

    , cf. S.OC 939 codd., Hdt.1.32, etc.
    5 λ. τινὰ ποιεῖν τι tell, command one to do, A.Ch. 553, S.Ph. 101, X.Cyr.4.1.22, etc.: so with τινι, S.OC 840, D.19.150 (no obj. expressed in A.Ag. 925, S.OC 856); λέγε τὸν ἐρωτῶντα ἵνα.. εἴπῃ σοι .. Astramps.Orac.p.1 H.;

    ὡς ὁ νόμος λέγει D.22.20

    ;

    ὁ λέγων μὴ μοιχεύειν Ep.Rom.2.22

    .
    6 λ. τι say something, i.e. speak to the point or purpose, βούλῃ λέγειν τι, καὶ λέγων μηδὲν κλύειν; S.Ant. 757; λέγω τι; am I right? the answer being λέγεις, Id.OT 1475;

    κινδυνεύεις τι λέγειν Pl.Cra. 404a

    ;

    ἴσως ἄν τι λέγοις X.Mem.2.1.12

    , cf. Cyr.1.4.20; opp. οὐδὲν λέγει has no meaning, no authority,

    οὐδὲν λ. τὸ σωφρόνως τραφῆναι Ar.Eq. 334

    , cf. V.75; οὐδὲν λέγεις nonsense! Id.Th. 625; but οὐδὲν λέγειν, also, say what is not, lie, Id.Av.66, Pl. Ap. 30b; also εὖ γε λέγεις, εὖ λέγεις, εὖ ἂν λέγοις, good news!, that is well!, ib. 24e, Grg. 447b, Prt. 310b; καλῶς, ὀρθῶς λ., you are right, X. Mem.3.3.4, 3.6.8; κοὔπω λέγω and what is more, Herod.7.44; τί λέγεις; τὸν ἔποπα παῖ καλεῖς; Ar.Av.57, cf. Ec. 298 (lyr.).
    8 at the beginning of letters or documents, Ἄμασις Πολυκράτεϊ ὧδε λέγει.., Μαρδόνιος τάδε λέγει .., etc., Hdt.3.40, 8.140. ά, etc.;

    τὰ γράμματα ἔλεγε τάδε Id.1.124

    , etc.; γράμμασι λέγον τάδε, of an inscription, Th.6.54: in roman edicts,

    Μάρκος Μέττιος Ῥοῦφος.. λέγει POxy. 237 viii 28

     (i A.D.).
    9 wish to say, mean,

    οὔτοι γυναῖκας ἀλλὰ Γοργόνας λέγω A.Eu.48

    ; τί τοῦτο λέγει, πρὸ Πύλοιο; what does

    πρὸ Πύλοιο

     mean?

    Ar.Eq. 1059

    , cf. 1021, 1375, Ec. 989, Pl. Phd. 60e: freq. in Platonic dialogue, πῶς λέγεις; how do you mean? in what sense do you say this? Ap. 24e, al.; ἢ πῶς λέγομεν; or what do we mean to say? Grg. 480b; πῶς δὴ οὖν αὐτὸ λέγεις; Phdr. 265c; ποῖόν τί ποτε ἄρα λέγοντ ές φασι .. what they can possibly mean by saying.., Tht. 181c, al.: c. dupl. acc.,

    τοιοῦτόν τι σὲ λέγειν τὸ κρεῖττον Grg. 489d

    , al.: freq. (esp. in Trag.) to explain more fully, εἴσω κομίζου καὶ σύ, Κασάνδραν λέγω you, I mean Cassandra, A.Ag. 1035;

    ὁ μάντις, υἱὸν Οἰκλέους λ. Id.Th. 609

    , cf. 658 (v.l.), Pr. 946;

    ποταμός, Ἀχελῷον λέγω S.Tr.9

    , cf. 1220, Ph. 1261, E.Ph. 987; ἐμὲ λέγων meaning me, Isoc.12.215;

    τὸ δ' ὑμεῖς ὅταν λέγω, τὴν πόλιν λ. D.18.88

    : sts., however, the word after λέγω is put in appos. with the word to be expld.,

    Ἀντικλείας.., τῆς σῆς λέγω τοι μητρός A.Fr. 175

    , cf. Th. 658 cod. M;

    περὶ τῶνδε.., λέγω δὲ Φωκέων D.19.152

    ;

    παρ' ὧν.., τούτων τῶν τὴν Ἀσίαν οἰκούντων λέγω Id.8.24

    , cf. Pl.Smp. 202b: abs.,

    μηδενὸς ὄντος ἐν [τῇ χώρᾳ] λέγω D.1.27

    .
    10 ὡς λέγουσι as they say, S.Ant.23, etc.;

    ὡς λ. μοι Id.OC 1161

    :—[voice] Pass., λέγεται it is said, c.acc.et inf., X.Mem.1.2.30, al.; but also πατρὸς λέγεται γενέσθαι .. Id.Cyr.1.2.1; θανεῖν ἐλέχθη he was said to have been killed, S.OT 292; so

    λεγόμενον ἐρέω Pi.P.5.108

    : τὸ λεγόμενον abs., as the saying goes, Th.7.68, cf. Pl.Grg. 447a, Smp. 217e, etc.;

    τὸ λ. δὴ τοῦτο Id.Grg. 514e

    : ὁ λεγόμενος γραῶν ὕθλος the so-called.., Id.Tht. 176b;

    οἱ λ. αὐτόνομοι εἶναι X.HG6.3.8

    ; οἱ λ. ὅτι .. of whom it is said that.., Id.Cyr.8.6.16.
    11 of orators, speak (emphatically),

    λέγειν δεινός S.OT 545

    , X.Cyr.1.5.9, etc.;

    λέγειν ἠσκηκότες S.Fr. 963

    , cf. Eup.95 (v. λαλέω)

    ; λ. τε καὶ πράσσειν δυνατώτατος Th.1.139

    ;

    οἱ ἐν τῷ πλήθει λέγειν δυνάμενοι Isoc.3.8

    , cf. D.19.286; plead one's cause in a court of law, Id.23.78; δίκας λέγειν ὑπέρ τινος speak as an advocate for.., Din.1.111.
    12 boast of, tell of,

    τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ῥώμην X.Cyr.1.3.10

    ; in Poets, sing of,

    θέλω λ. Ἀτρείδας Anacreont.23.1

    .
    13 recite what is written,

    λαβὲ τὸ βιβλίον καὶ λέγε Pl.Tht. 143c

    ; and freq. in Oratt., as

    λέγε τὸν νόμον D.21.8

     and 10, etc.; of lectures,

    ἀκούσατέ μου σχόλια λέγοντος Arr.Epict.3.21.6

    , cf. 15.8 (the sense of Lat. lego, read, occurs only in the compds. ἀναλέγομαι, ἐπιλέγομαι).
    14 say or send word by another, X.An.1.9.25, 7.4.5.
    16 nominate, Lat. dicere [dictatorem], D.C.Fr.36.26 ([voice] Pass.). (Cf. Lat. lègo, legio, legulus ('olivegatherer').)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > λέγω

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